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Article

Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Using Curcumin-Containing Self-Microemulsifying Delivery System: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis

1
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Department of Pharmacy, Multan University of Science and Technology, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Lab, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX78712, USA
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceutics 2024, 16(11), 1406; https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16111406
Submission received: 24 July 2024 / Revised: 19 August 2024 / Accepted: 20 August 2024 / Published: 31 October 2024

Abstract

Background: The lack of local availability for drugs in the colon can be addressed by preparing a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) of curcumin (Cur) which is ultimately used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods: From preformulation studies, Lauroglycol FCC (oil), Tween 80 (surfactant), Transcutol HP (co-surfactant), and Avicel (solid carrier) were selected for the preparation of blank liquid and solid Cur-loaded SMEDDSs (S-Cur-SMEDDSs). Results: Z-average size (12.36 ± 0.04 nm), zeta potential (−14.7 ± 0.08 mV), and polydispersity index (PDI) (0.155 ± 0.036) showed a comparative droplet surface area and charge of both SMEDDSs. The physicochemical stability of Cur in S-Cur-SMEDDSs was confirmed via FTIR, DSC, TGA, and XRD analyses, while morphological analysis through SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) confirmed Cur loading into SMEDDSs with an increased surface roughness root mean square (RMS) of 11.433 ± 0.91 nm, greater than the blank SMEDDS. Acute toxicity studies with an organ weight ratio and % hemolysis of 15.65 ± 1.32% at a high concentration of 600 mM showed that S-Cur-SMEDDSs are safe at a medium dose (0.2–0.8 g/kg/day). The excellent in vitro antioxidant (68.54 ± 1.42%) and anti-inflammatory properties (56.47 ± 1.17%) of S-Cur-SMEDDS proved its therapeutic efficacy for IBD. Finally, S-Cur-SMEDDS significantly improved acetic acid-induced IBD in albino rats through a reduction in the disease activity index (DAI) and macroscopic ulcer score (MUS) from 4.15 ± 0.21 to 1.62 ± 0.12 at 15 mg/kg/day dose, as confirmed via histopathological assay. Conclusions: Based on the above findings, S-Cur-SMEDDS appears to be a stable, less toxic, and more efficacious alternative for Cur delivery with strong competence in treating IBD.
Keywords: curcumin; self-microemulsifying drug delivery system; colon; acute toxicity; inflammatory bowel disease curcumin; self-microemulsifying drug delivery system; colon; acute toxicity; inflammatory bowel disease

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ameer, N.; Hanif, M.; Abbas, G.; Azeem, M.; Mahmood, K.; Shahwar, D.; Khames, A.; Eissa, E.M.; Daihom, B. Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Using Curcumin-Containing Self-Microemulsifying Delivery System: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis. Pharmaceutics 2024, 16, 1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16111406

AMA Style

Ameer N, Hanif M, Abbas G, Azeem M, Mahmood K, Shahwar D, Khames A, Eissa EM, Daihom B. Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Using Curcumin-Containing Self-Microemulsifying Delivery System: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis. Pharmaceutics. 2024; 16(11):1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16111406

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ameer, Nabeela, Muhammad Hanif, Ghulam Abbas, Muhammad Azeem, Khalid Mahmood, Dure Shahwar, Ahmed Khames, Essam Mohamed Eissa, and Baher Daihom. 2024. "Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Using Curcumin-Containing Self-Microemulsifying Delivery System: Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis" Pharmaceutics 16, no. 11: 1406. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16111406

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