Research on Micro-Mobility with a Focus on Electric Scooters within Smart Cities

Round 1

Reviewer 1 Report

This paper focus on the current state of the development of long-range super-lightweight small electric vehicles for intergenerational urban e-mobility using intelligent infrastructure within Smart Cities. The topic falls within the scope of the journal. However, the article is unfocused. The reviewer strongly suggests to reorganize it before further consideration. Detailed comments are as follows.

 

Point 1: Authors must look into the results section. Discuss the key findings. The discussion section seems weak.

 

Point 2: Extensive English editing is required.

 

Point 3: The structure of the paper is not sound. Some discussions are unfocused and disorganized.

 

Point 4: Authors must try to mention the contribution of the study. It is one of the critical conditions for a paper deserved to be published.

 

Point 5: Authors must carefully think about the title. It is too long and doesn’t reflect the findings of this work.

 

 

Point 6: There are also many abbreviations in this work, e.g. the term EV is not well defined. I miss a strong definition of EV - mainly you are talking about Battery Electric Vehicles or Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles. And Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles are also EVs. I think you should make that clear in the introduction. Some literatures are suggested: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 65 (2018): 1-13; Journal of Energy Storage 42 (2021): 103124.

Author Response

Point 1: Authors must look into the results section. Discuss the key findings. The discussion section seems weak.

The authors dealt with the part dedicated to the results. They discussed the key findings for individual questions RQ1 – RQ5. The authors added Tables 18 to 22 to the Discussion for an overview. The authors added additional text discussing the results achieved to the discussion:

The main objective of the article was to investigate the current state of research, analysis, and design of a solution for the maximally efficient and comprehensive concept of urban E - mobility to bring a qualitatively new level both in terms of the design and in terms parameters of the ES themselves and at the same time in terms of their operation, charging, and management within SC.

The aim of the systematic review was to determine the possible solutions for the development of long-range super/lightweight small electric vehicles for intergenerational urban e-mobility in the SC concept. The steps to determine the current status of the solution were to analyze the requirements and solutions needed for the development of the: „MM concept in SC, the concept of EV charging while driving, the ES charger concept, the management and sharing of the ES concept, of the concept of E - mobility within SC (SH)“.

A number of questions were identified for this systematic review: “RQ1 What technological solutions and innovations can be used to develop the concept of micro-mobility in Smart Cities?”, “RQ2 What technological solutions and innovations can be used for the development of the concept of electric vehicle charging while driving?”, “RQ3 What technological solutions and innovations can be used to develop the electric scooter charger concept?”, “RQ4 What technological solutions and innovations can be used to develop the management and sharing of the electric scooter concepts?”, “RQ5 What technological solutions and innovations can be used to develop the e-mobility within Smart Cities (Smart Home) concept?”.

The PRISMA studies and the Kofod-Petersen method were used to extract useful information from the presented systematic review.

To answer RQ1 related to the solution of the “Smart Cities and micro-mobility” concept requires addressing the following needs, which are listed in Table 18. The most mentioned tasks for solving are “traffic regulations, public safety, PLEVs parking”, “MM and PLEV shared micro-mobility”, “PLEVs analysis for urban public transport”, “IoT, LoRaWAN, SC”, “connection of MM with traffic load in SC and configuration and provision of SC infrastructure”, and “support for seniors and disabled people for an active life with the help of MM”.

To answer RQ2 related to the solution of the “SC and EV driving and charging” concept requires addressing the following needs, which are listed in Table 19. The most mentioned tasks are “Battery charging with MPC of EV in RT”, “Battery SOC Estimation Optimization Model”, “Prediction, EV range optimization”, and “Battery behavior model”.

To answer RQ3 related to the solution of the “Chargers for Electric Scooter” concept requires addressing the following needs, which are listed in Table 20. The most mentioned tasks are “Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) using Wireless Charger”, “EDLC charger solution (Electric Double Layer Capacitor)”, “Optimization of MESN solutions for ES”, “Design and solution of BC for ES”, and “FC with high efficiency for LAB”.

To answer RQ4 related to the solution of the “Management and sharing of electric scooters” concept requires addressing the following needs, which are listed in Table 21. The most mentioned tasks are “The connection between EC operation and environmental protection”, “Elimination of accidents and injuries”, and “EC traffic problems, traffic regulations”.

To answer RQ5 related to the solution to the development of the concept of “E - mobility within Smart Cities (Smart Homes)” requires addressing the following needs, which are listed in Table 22 The most mentioned tasks are “Secure data collection using IoT within SC”, “Optimization of resources and services through monitoring and IT in SC”, and “Implementation of Smart Metering in Smart Homes”.

Point 2: Extensive English editing is required.

The authors have provided extensive editing of the English.

Point 3: The structure of the paper is not sound. Some discussions are unfocused and disorganized.

The authors corrected the structure of the paper. The authors have corrected the discussion, added clear tables, and corrected the text accordingly.

Point 4: Authors must try to mention the contribution of the study. It is one of the critical conditions for a paper deserved to be published.

The authors described the contribution of the study:

The main contribution of the article is a systematic overview and discussion related to the research on the current status of the development of long-range super-lightweight small electric vehicles for intergenerational urban e-mobility within the Smart Cities concept for a pilot study of a new way of resolving the traffic management of the urban district of Poruba within the statutory city of Ostrava in the Czech Republic. Another of the goals was to help researchers and other workers dealing with the described area to identify the most feasible solution for the use of electric scooters as part of micro-mobility solutions in Smart Cities.

The information obtained will help in the solution of the development of charging stations and the investigation of models of the behavior of conventional and wireless batteries in connection with the operation of PLEVs in SC, their sharing, visualization, and monitoring using long-term measured data, and their analysis using SW tools within the IoT to ensure the long-range certainty.

Point 5: Authors must carefully think about the title. It is too long and doesn’t reflect the findings of this work.

The authors carefully considered the title, shortening it to reflect the results of this work:

Research on the micro-mobility with a focus on Electric scooters within Smart Cities

Point 6: There are also many abbreviations in this work, e.g. the term EV is not well defined. I miss a strong definition of EV - mainly you are talking about Battery Electric Vehicles or Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles. And Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles are also EVs. I think you should make that clear in the introduction. Some literatures are suggested: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 65 (2018): 1-13; Journal of Energy Storage 42 (2021): 103124.

In the article, we clarified the technical terms used: PHEV, PLEV, BEV, EV and HEV.

Electric vehicles (EVs) move using an electric motor instead of using an internal combustion engine (ICE). Electric vehicles require a charging port and outlet to charge their batteries fully (BEVs). In other vehicles, such as conventional hybrids (HEVs) for example, the engine requires both fuel and electricity to run. It is the same with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) [139].

The abbreviations used were based on the context of the definitions and usage in each of the articles: PHEV, PLEV, BEV, EV, and HEV:

PHEV - Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle [56], [69], [139];

PLEV - Personal Light Electric Vehicles [10], [18], [21], [26], [31], [38], [11];

BEV – Battery Electric Vehicle [131], [140];

EV – Electric Vehicle [84], [68], [62], [60], [51-52];

HEV - Hybrid Electric Vehicles [40-41], [61], [63].

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Reviewer 2 Report

Thank you for the opportunity to review the presented work, which in my opinion is very interesting, but needs some additional revisions to more fully present the issue.

1. figure 4 does not have information regarding the source. It is illegible, please correct it

2. instead of writing out individual percentages in the text, suggest making a table or graph with these data. Round the percentages to 0.1% (applies to many paragraphs)

3. lacks in the text a description of the objects analyzed and specific examples from the works cited, please provide examples of the vehicles discussed, their technical parameters, photos, ranges

4. in the list of abbreviations you use PP twice, which means "PP - Photovoltaic Panel" however, according to the nomenclature, they should be labeled as PV, please change.

5. you refer to the works specifying the use of the house as a source of electric vehicle charging, please consider the following articles in your work and indicate the main limitations arising from the dependence of electricity generation on weather conditions, and the utility of electric vehicles depending on the range of vehicle use

https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710517

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227591

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092622

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14041085

6. please make the list of abbreviations in alphabetical order, remove unnecessary (obvious) or repetitive ones

7. please make Author's Contributions according to the requirements of the journal

8. please improve the legibility of charts, axis descriptions should be more legible

Author Response

1. Figure 4 does not have information regarding the source. It is illegible, please correct it

Figure 4 was created in SW Tool VOSviewer. We corrected the image and ensured the readability of the displayed data:

Figure 4. Individual keywords for the Smart Cities and electric vehicle charging while driving topic (created in SW Tool VOSviewer) [138].

2. Instead of writing out individual percentages in the text, suggest making a table or graph with these data. Round the percentages to 0.1% (applies to many paragraphs)

Instead of writing individual percentages in the text, we created tables with data. We have rounded the percentages to 0.1%.

The total number of 63 publications covering the research area that focus on the described topic include, among others, the following disciplines: Computer Science, Engineering, Transportation, Telecommunications, Environmental Sciences Ecology, Science Technology Other Topics, and others (Table 3).

Table 3. The research area that focus on the topic „Smart Cities and micro - mobility”.

Research Areas	Record Count	[%] of 63
Computer Science	25	39.7
Engineering	17	27.0
Transportation	14	22.2
Telecommunications	12	19.1
Environmental Sciences Ecology	10	15.9
Science Technology Other Topics	10	15.9

 

In terms of affiliations, the topic is, among others, addressed by: DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSIDAD DE MALAGA, CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY PRAGUE, ENZO FERRARI ENGN DEPT, UNIV NACL PATAGONIA AUSTRAL, UNIVERSIDAD PUBLICA DE NAVARRA (Table 4).

Table 4. In terms of affiliations which are dealing with the topic „Smart Cities and micro - mobility”.

Affiliations	Record Count	[%] of 63
DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY	3	4.7
UNIVERSIDAD DE MALAGA	3	4.7
CZECH TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY PRAGUE	2	3.2
ENZO FERRARI ENGN DEPT	2	3.2
UNIV NACL PATAGONIA AUSTRAL	2	3.2
UNIVERSIDAD PUBLICA DE NAVARRA	2	3.2

 

Countries/regions that support research on the topic include Spain, USA, Germany, Italy, England, Mexico, Netherlands, and others (Table 5).

Countries/Regions	Record Count	[%] of 63
SPAIN	12	19.0
USA	11	17.5
GERMANY	10	15.9
ITALY	10	15.9
ENGLAND	4	6.4
MEXICO	4	6.4
NETHERLANDS	4	6.4
BRAZIL	3	4.7

Table 5. Countries/regions that support research on the topic „Smart Cities and micro - mobility”.

 

Out of the total number of 108 publications covering the research area that focuses on the described topic include: Engineering, Computer Science, Energy Fuels, Transportation, Telecommunications, Science Technology Other Topics, Environmental Sciences Ecology, Automation Control Systems (Table 8)

Table 8. The research area that focus on the topic „Smart cities and Electric Vehicles driving and charging”

Research Areas	Record Count	[%] of 108
Engineering	63	58.3
Computer Science	33	30.6
Energy Fuels	25	23.1
Transportation	22	20.4
Telecommunications	18	16.7
Science Technology Other Topics	8	7.4
Environmental Sciences Ecology	7	6.5
Automation Control Systems	6	5.6

 

In terms of affiliations, the topic is, among others, addressed by THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB, AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF SHARJAH, CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY CANADA (Table 9).

Table 9. Affiliations that support research on the topic „Smart cities and Electric Vehicles driving and charging”

Affiliations	Record Count	[%] of 108
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY DOE	5	4.6
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF TURIN	4	3.7
UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB	4	3.7
AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF SHARJAH	3	2.8
CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES	3	2.8
CONCORDIA UNIVERSITY CANADA	3	2.8

 

Countries/regions that support research on the topic include Peoples China, USA, India, Italy, Canada, England, Japan and South Korea (Table 10).

Table 10. Countries/regions that support research on the topic „Smart cities and Electric Vehicles driving and charging”

Countries/Regions	Record Count	[%] of 108
PEOPLES R CHINA	27	25.0
USA	22	20.4
INDIA	11	10.2
ITALY	9	8.3
CANADA	8	7.4
ENGLAND	8	7.4
JAPAN	6	5.6
SOUTH KOREA	6	5.6

 

Out of the total number of 28 publications covering the research area that focus on the described topic include Engineering, Energy Fuels, Computer Science, Science Technology, Telecommunications, Transportation, and others (Table 12).

Table 12. The research area that focus on the topic „Chargers for Electric Scooter”.

Research Areas	Record Count	[%] of 28
Engineering	23	82.1
Energy Fuels	10	35.7
Computer Science	6	21.4
Science Technology Other Topics	4	14.3
Telecommunications	4	14.3
Transportation	4	14.3

 

In terms of Affiliations, the topic is, among others, addressed by THE OSAKA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON, POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF TURIN, UNIVERSITI MALAYA, FUZHOU UNIVERSITY, KING SAUD UNIVERSITY, and others (Table 13).

Table 13. Affiliations that support research on the topic „Chargers for Electric Scooter”.

Affiliations	Record Count	[%] of 28
OSAKA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY	4	14.3
IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON	3	10.7
POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF TURIN	3	10.7
UNIVERSITI MALAYA	3	10.7
FUZHOU UNIVERSITY	2	7.1
KING SAUD UNIVERSITY	2	7.1

 

Countries/regions that support research on the topic include ITALY, JAPAN, ENGLAND, MALAYSIA, TAIWAN, AUSTRALIA, CZECH REPUBLIC, INDIA, and others (Table 14).

Countries/Regions	Record Count	[%] of 28
ITALY	6	21.4
JAPAN	4	14.3
ENGLAND	3	10.7
MALAYSIA	3	10.7
TAIWAN	3	10.7
AUSTRALIA	2	7.1
CZECH REPUBLIC	2	7.1
INDIA	2	7.1

Table 14. Countries/regions that support research on the topic „Chargers for Electric Scooter”.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The total number of 21 publications covering the research area that focus on the described topic include Transportation, Business Economics, Computer Science, Environmental Sciences Ecology, Telecommunications, and others (Table 16).

Table 16. The research area that focus on the topic „Management and sharing electric scooter”.

Research Areas	Record Count	[%] of 21
Transportation	9	42.9
Business Economics	4	19.1
Computer Science	4	19.1
Environmental Sciences Ecology	3	14.3
Telecommunications	3	14.3
Energy Fuels	2	9.5

In terms of Affiliations, the topic is, among others, addressed by THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SYSTEM, ASIA UNIVERSITY TAIWAN, BARCELONA SUPERCOMPUTER CENTER BSC CNS, BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TAIWAN, and others (Table 17).

Table 17. Affiliations that support research on the topic „ Management and sharing electric scooter”.

Affiliations	Record Count	[%] of 21
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SYSTEM	2	9.5
ASIA UNIVERSITY TAIWAN	1	4.8
BARCELONA SUPERCOMPUTER CENTER BSC CNS	1	4.8
BEIJING INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY	1	4.8
CHALMERS UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY	1	4.8
CHINA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL TAIWAN	1	4.8

 

Countries/regions that support research on the topic include the USA, TAIWAN, GERMANY, ITALY, PEOPLES R CHINA, POLAND, SWEDEN or AUSTRALIA (Table 18).

Countries/Regions	Record Count	[%] of 21
USA	5	23.8
TAIWAN	4	19.1
GERMANY	2	9.5
ITALY	2	9.5
PEOPLES R CHINA	2	9.5
POLAND	2	9.5
SWEDEN	2	9.5
AUSTRALIA	1	4.8

Table 18. Countries/regions that support research on the topic „ Management and sharing electric scooter”.

 

The total number of 24 publications covering the research area that focuses on the described topic include Computer Science, Engineering, Energy Fuels, Telecommunications, Automation Control Systems, and others (Table 20).

Table 20. The research area that focus on the topic „E mobility within Smart Cities (Smart Home)”.

Research Areas	Record Count	[%] of 24
Computer Science	11	45.8
Engineering	9	37.5
Energy Fuels	7	29.2
Telecommunications	3	12.5
Automation Control Systems	2	8.3
Chemistry	2	8.3

 

In terms of Affiliations, the topic is, among others, addressed by THE EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, KU LEUVEN, ABDUS SALAM INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS ICTP, AGH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY, ALMA DIGIT RES LABS, BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, and others (Table 21).

Table 21. Affiliations that support research on the topic „ E mobility within Smart Cities (Smart Home)”.

Affiliations	Record Count	[%] of 24
EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY	2	8.3
KU LEUVEN	2	8.3
ABDUS SALAM INTERNATIONAL CENTRE FOR THEORETICAL PHYSICS ICTP	1	4.2
AGH UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY	1	4.2
ALMA DIGIT RES LABS	1	4.2
BEIJING JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY	1	4.2

Countries/regions that support research in the given topic include, among others: PEOPLES R CHINA, USA, INDIA, ITALY, NETHERLANDS, BELGIUM, and others (Table 22).

Table 22. Countries/regions that support research on the topic „ E mobility within Smart Cities (Smart Home)”.

Countries/Regions	Record Count	[%] of 24
PEOPLES R CHINA	7	29.2
USA	6	25.0
INDIA	4	16.7
ITALY	4	16.7
NETHERLANDS	3	12.5
BELGIUM	2	8.3
ENGLAND	2	8.3
GERMANY	2	8.3

 

3. Lacks in the text a description of the objects analyzed and specific examples from the works cited, please provide examples of the vehicles discussed, their technical parameters, photos, ranges

In the article, we clarified the technical terms used: PHEV, PLEV, BEV, EV and HEV.

Electric vehicles (EVs) move using an electric motor instead of using an internal combustion engine (ICE). Electric vehicles require a charging port and outlet to charge their batteries fully (BEVs). In other vehicles, such as conventional hybrids (HEVs) for example, the engine requires both fuel and electricity to run. It is the same with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) [139].

The abbreviations used were based on the context of the definitions and usage in each of the articles: PHEV, PLEV, BEV, EV, and HEV:

PHEV - Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle [56], [69], [139];

PLEV - Personal Light Electric Vehicles [10], [18], [21], [26], [31], [38], [11];

BEV – Battery Electric Vehicle [131], [140];

EV – Electric Vehicle [84], [68], [62], [60], [51-52]

HEV - Hybrid Electric Vehicles [40-41], [61], [63].

 

We added the following text to the discussion part with example of the EV discussed, their technical parameters, photos, ranges:

Some limitations of the EVs use in SC (SH) (fig. 8) arise from the dependence of electricity generation on weather conditions, and the utility of EVs (fig.9) depending on the range of vehicle use at [140]:

• the variation in vehicle energy consumption by season (winter/summer),
• the actual charging profile of the EV, and
• the parking periods required to achieve the target range for the user.

The analyses showed that the most important factors in the operation of the electric shared mobility market are prices, the condition of the fleet, the replacement of vehicles, rental area, legal requirements, the location of parking spaces, and operational safety [141].

Figure 8. Illustration of the possible use of EV in SC (SH) [142].

Figure 9. Technical data of the powertrain fitted in ŠKODA CITIGOeiV [141].

4. In the list of abbreviations you use PP twice, which means "PP - Photovoltaic Panel" however, according to the nomenclature, they should be labeled as PV, please change.

We changed the designation of the abbreviation PP to PV according to the request and according to the nomenclature.

5. You refer to the works specifying the use of the house as a source of electric vehicle charging, please consider the following articles in your work and indicate the main limitations arising from the dependence of electricity generation on weather conditions, and the utility of electric vehicles depending on the range of vehicle use

https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710517

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14227591

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14092622

https://doi.org/10.3390/en14041085

 

We described limitations of EVs arise from the dependence of electricity generation on weather conditions, and the utility of EVs depending on the range of vehicle use.

 

Some limitations of the EVs use in SC (SH) (fig. 8) arise from the dependence of electricity generation on weather conditions, and the utility of EVs (fig.9) depending on the range of vehicle use at [140]:

• the variation in vehicle energy consumption by season (winter/summer),
• the actual charging profile of the EV, and
• the parking periods required to achieve the target range for the user.

The analyses showed that the most important factors in the operation of the electric shared mobility market are prices, the condition of the fleet, the replacement of vehicles, rental area, legal requirements, the location of parking spaces, and operational safety [141].

Figure 8. Illustration of the possible use of EV in SC (SH) [142].

Figure 9. Technical data of the powertrain fitted in ŠKODA CITIGOeiV [141].

 

6. Please make the list of abbreviations in alphabetical order, remove unnecessary (obvious) or repetitive ones

The list of abbreviations has been arranged in alphabetical order:

AEMS - Adaptive Energy Management Strategy

AER - All-Electric Range

ANN - Artificial Neural Networks

BC - Battery Charger

BEV – Battery Electric Vehicle

BLDC - Brushless DC electric motor

BMS - Battery Management System

CEV - Compact Electric Vehicle

CS - Charging Station

DC-DC – Direct Current – Direct Current

DFN - Doyle-Fuller-Newman

DSES - Dockless Shared Electric Scooters

EC - Electric Capacitor

ECE -  Energy- Conversion-Efficiency

ECM - Electronically Commutated Motor

ECMS - Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy

EDLC - Electric Double Layer Capacitor

EEC - Electronic Engine Control

EESS - Electrical Energy Storage System

EIS -  Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

ERAE - accurate Remaining Available Energy

ERCE - battery Remaining Chemical Energy state

ERDE - Remaining Discharge Energy

ERP - Electric Range Prediction

ES – Electric Scooter

ESCA - e-scooter-Chargers Allocation

EV – Electric Vehicle

EVCS - Electric Vehicle Charging Station

FC - Fast-Chargers

FPA - Flower Pollination Algorithm

FRGM - Fractional Grey Model

HESS – Hybrid Energy Storage System

HEV - Hybrid Electric Vehicles

HVLIB - High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Batteries

ICT - Information and Communication Technologies

IoT – Internet of Things

IT – Information Technology

KDE - Kernel Density Estimation

KF - Kalman filter

LAB - Lead-Acid Batteries

LELB - Liquid Electrolyte Lithium-Ion Batteries

LEV- Light electric vehicles

LIB - Lithium-Iron Batteries

LIPB - Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteriee

LoRaWAN - Long Range Wide Area Network

MaaS - Mobility-as-a-Service

MEP - Mobilita a Energetická Produktivita

MESN - Mobile Energy Storage Network

MILP - Mixed-Integer Linear Programming

ML – Machine Learning

MM – Micro Mobility

MMC - Modular Multilevel Converters

MMQUAL - MicroMobility QUALity

MPC - Model Predictive Control

NMPC - Nonlinear Model Predictive Control

NN – Neural Network

OCPP - Open Charge Point Protocol

OML-SOCE - Optimal Machine Learning Based SOC Estimation

OMS - Open Metering Specification

P2P - Peer-to-Peer

PLEV - Personal Light Electric Vehicles

PV – Photovoltaic PanelRT – Real Time

RUL - Remaining Useful Life

SBRP - School Bus Routing Problem

SC – Smart Cities

SECM - Simplified equivalent circuit model

SG – Smart Grids

SH – Smart Home

SLELB - Solid–liquid electrolyte lithium-ion batteries

SM – Smart Metering

SOC - State of Charge

SOE - State of Energy

SOH - State of Health

SRUKF - Square-Root Unscented Kalman filter

SSA - Salp Swarm Algorithm

SSAE - Stacked Sparse Auto Encoder

SS-WPT Series-Series - Wireless power transmission

SVM-DTC - Space Vector Modulation for the Direct Torque Control

TEM - Transactive Energy Management

THD - Total Harmonic Distortion

TNC - Transportation Network Companies

UPF - Unscented Particle Filter

V2G – Vehicle to Grig

V2H - Vehicle to Home

 

We have removed repeated abbreviations:

BEV - Battery Electric Vehicles

BLDC - Brushless DC electric motor

ES – Electric Scooter

EVCS - Electric Vehicle Charging Station

FC - Fast-Chargers

IoT – Internet of Things

LIPB - Lithium Iron Phosphate Batteries

MM – MicroMobility

MPC - Model Predictive Control

OCPP - Open Charge Point Protocol

PP – Photovoltaic Panel

RUL – Remaining Useful Life

SC – Smart Cities

SSAE - Stacked Sparse AutoEncoder

 

7. Please make Author's Contributions according to the requirements of the journal
   
   We corrected the references as requested by the journal:

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143. Please improve the legibility of charts, axis descriptions should be more legible

We have improved the readability of graphs, axis labels have been corrected as required (Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7):

Figure 2. Number of publications in individual years on the Smart Cities and micro-mobility topics.

 

Figure 3. Number of publications in individual years for Smart Cities and electric vehicle charging while driving.

Figure 5. Number of publications in individual years on the topic of chargers for Electric Scooters.

 

Figure 6. Number of publications in individual years on the topic of the management and sharing of electric scooters.

Figure 7. Number of publications in individual years on the subject of e-mobility within Smart Cities (Smart Homes).

 

 

 

Author Response File: Author Response.docx

Round 2

Reviewer 1 Report

This manuscript can be published in the current version.