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Infectious Disease Reports
Volume 12
Issue s1
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Infectious Disease Reports is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 3 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY (or CC-BY-NC-ND) licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.
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Article

Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmitted Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naive Individuals Residing in Jakarta, Indonesia

by
Siti Qamariyah Khairunisa
1,2,
Ni Luh Ayu Megasari
2,
Retno Pudji Rahayu
2,
Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum
2,
Shuhei Ueda
2,3,4,
Muhammad Qushai Yunifiar M
2,
Dwi Wahyu Indriati
2,6,
Tomohiro Kotaki
3,
Adria Rusli
5,
Nasronudin
2,7 and
Masanori Kameoka
2,3,4,*
1
Doctoral Program,Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
2
Indonesia-Japan Collaborative Research Centre for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases (CRC-ERI), Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
3
Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
4
Center for Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Hyogo, Japan
5
Sulianti Saroso Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
6
Department of Health, Vocational Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
7
Airlangga Hospital, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Infect. Dis. Rep. 2020, 12(s1), 8740; https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8740
Submission received: 17 February 2020 / Revised: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 1 July 2020 / Published: 7 July 2020

Abstract

The presence of transmitted drug resist- ance (TDR) in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infected individuals naive to antiretroviral therapy, may affect the effectiveness of treatment. Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia, recorded the high- est number of cumulative HIV infection cases in the country. This study aimed to identify on the appearance of TDR, as well as to identify HIV-1 subtypes circulating among treatment-naive individuals in Jakarta. Whole blood samples collected from 43 HIV-1 infected, treatment-naive individuals. Viral subtyping and drug resist- ance testing were performed on HIV-1 pol genes amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction. CRF01_AE was detected most frequently in Jakarta (73.08%). Drug resistance-related major mutation was not detected in protease fragments of pol gene, but two major mutations, K103N (6.67%) and Y181C (6.67%), were detected in reverse transcriptase fragments of pol gene. Our results suggest that TDR was emerged in Jakarta at a certain extent, thus further surveillance study to monitor the TDR prevalence and circulating HIV-1 subtypes in this region is considered to be necessary.
Keywords: ART-naive individuals; HIV/AIDS; transmitted drug resistance ART-naive individuals; HIV/AIDS; transmitted drug resistance

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Khairunisa, S.Q.; Megasari, N.L.A.; Rahayu, R.P.; Witaningrum, A.M.; Ueda, S.; Yunifiar M, M.Q.; Indriati, D.W.; Kotaki, T.; Rusli, A.; Nasronudin; et al. Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmitted Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naive Individuals Residing in Jakarta, Indonesia. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2020, 12, 8740. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8740

AMA Style

Khairunisa SQ, Megasari NLA, Rahayu RP, Witaningrum AM, Ueda S, Yunifiar M MQ, Indriati DW, Kotaki T, Rusli A, Nasronudin, et al. Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmitted Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naive Individuals Residing in Jakarta, Indonesia. Infectious Disease Reports. 2020; 12(s1):8740. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8740

Chicago/Turabian Style

Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah, Ni Luh Ayu Megasari, Retno Pudji Rahayu, Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum, Shuhei Ueda, Muhammad Qushai Yunifiar M, Dwi Wahyu Indriati, Tomohiro Kotaki, Adria Rusli, Nasronudin, and et al. 2020. "Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmitted Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naive Individuals Residing in Jakarta, Indonesia" Infectious Disease Reports 12, no. s1: 8740. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8740

APA Style

Khairunisa, S. Q., Megasari, N. L. A., Rahayu, R. P., Witaningrum, A. M., Ueda, S., Yunifiar M, M. Q., Indriati, D. W., Kotaki, T., Rusli, A., Nasronudin, & Kameoka, M. (2020). Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Transmitted Drug Resistance among Treatment-Naive Individuals Residing in Jakarta, Indonesia. Infectious Disease Reports, 12(s1), 8740. https://doi.org/10.4081/idr.2020.8740

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