Comprehensive Assessment of Water Footprints and Water Scarcity Pressure for Main Crops in Shandong Province, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Data
2.3. Methods
3. Results
3.1. Temporal Changes of WF for Main Crops
3.1.1. Temporal Change of WF for Wheat
3.1.2. Temporal Change of WF for Maize
3.1.3. Temporal Change of WF for Cotton
3.1.4. Temporal Change of WF for Groundnut
3.2. Spatial Distribution of WF for Main Crops in Different Rainfall Years
3.2.1. Spatial Distribution of WF for Wheat
3.2.2. Spatial Distribution of WF for Maize
3.2.3. Spatial Distribution of WF for Cotton
3.2.4. Spatial Distribution of WF for Groundnut
3.3. Trends of Annual Total WF and WFblue for Main Crops
3.4. Pressure of Water Scarcity on Agriculture Productions
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Fu, M.; Guo, B.; Wang, W.; Wang, J.; Zhao, L.; Wang, J. Comprehensive Assessment of Water Footprints and Water Scarcity Pressure for Main Crops in Shandong Province, China. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11071856
Fu M, Guo B, Wang W, Wang J, Zhao L, Wang J. Comprehensive Assessment of Water Footprints and Water Scarcity Pressure for Main Crops in Shandong Province, China. Sustainability. 2019; 11(7):1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11071856
Chicago/Turabian StyleFu, Mengran, Bin Guo, Weijiao Wang, Juan Wang, Lihua Zhao, and Jianlin Wang. 2019. "Comprehensive Assessment of Water Footprints and Water Scarcity Pressure for Main Crops in Shandong Province, China" Sustainability 11, no. 7: 1856. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11071856