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Volume 13
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Review

A Regional Review of Marine and Coastal Impacts of Climate Change on the ROPME Sea Area

by
Susana Lincoln
1,*,
Paul Buckley
1,
Ella L. Howes
1,2,
Katherine M. Maltby
1,3,
John K. Pinnegar
1,
Thamer S. Ali
4,
Yousef Alosairi
5,
Alanoud Al-Ragum
5,
Alastair Baglee
6,7,
Chiden Oseo Balmes
8,
Radhouane Ben Hamadou
9,
John A. Burt
10,
Michel Claereboudt
11,
Jane Glavan
12,
Rusyan Jill Mamiit
8,13,
Humood A. Naser
14,
Omid Sedighi
15,
Mohammad Reza Shokri
16,
Bassam Shuhaibar
5,
Colette C. C. Wabnitz
17,18 and
Will J. F. Le Quesne
1add Show full author list remove Hide full author list
1
International Marine Climate Change Centre (iMC3), The Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences (Cefas), Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK
2
Natural History Museum Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK
3
Gulf of Maine Research Institute, Portland, ME 04101, USA
4
Department of Natural Resources and Environment, College of Graduate Studies, Arabian Gulf University, Manama 329, Bahrain
5
Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research (KISR), Kuwait City 13109, Kuwait
6
Acclimatise Group Ltd., Newark NG22 8LS, UK
7
Willis Towers Watson, London EC3M 7DQ, UK
8
Global Green Growth Institute (GGGI), Abu Dhabi Office, Abu Dhabi 51133, United Arab Emirates
9
Marine Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
10
Water Research Centre & Centre for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University in Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 51133, United Arab Emirates
11
Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
12
Distant Imagery Solutions, Dubai 35391, United Arab Emirates
13
School of Arts, Languages, and Culture, Faculty of Humanities, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, and the Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
14
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain
15
Department of Environment, Tehran 738314155, Iran
16
Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran 1983969411, Iran
17
Stanford Center for Ocean Solutions, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
18
Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Sustainability 2021, 13(24), 13810; https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413810
Submission received: 4 November 2021 / Revised: 1 December 2021 / Accepted: 2 December 2021 / Published: 14 December 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Ecosystems Responses and Sustainability in a Changing Climate)
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Abstract

The Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) Sea Area (RSA) in the northern Indian Ocean, which comprises the Gulf, the Gulf of Oman and the northern Arabian Sea, already experiences naturally extreme environmental conditions and incorporates one of the world’s warmest seas. There is growing evidence that climate change is already affecting the environmental conditions of the RSA, in areas including sea temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and sea level, which are set to continue changing over time. The cumulative impacts of these changes on coastal and marine ecosystems and dependent societies are less well documented, but are likely to be significant, especially in the context of other human stressors. This review represents the first regional synthesis of observed and predicted climate change impacts on marine and coastal ecosystems across the ROPME Sea Area and their implications for dependent societies. Climate-driven ecological changes include loss of coral reefs due to bleaching and the decline of fish populations, while socio-economic impacts include physical impacts from sea-level rise and cyclones, risk to commercial wild capture fisheries, disruption to desalination systems and loss of tourism. The compilation of this review is aimed to support the development of targeted adaptation actions and to direct future research within the RSA.
Keywords: Anthropocene; climate risk; environmental benefits; environmental change; marine heatwave; oxygen minimum zone; socio-economic factors Anthropocene; climate risk; environmental benefits; environmental change; marine heatwave; oxygen minimum zone; socio-economic factors
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MDPI and ACS Style

Lincoln, S.; Buckley, P.; Howes, E.L.; Maltby, K.M.; Pinnegar, J.K.; Ali, T.S.; Alosairi, Y.; Al-Ragum, A.; Baglee, A.; Balmes, C.O.; et al. A Regional Review of Marine and Coastal Impacts of Climate Change on the ROPME Sea Area. Sustainability 2021, 13, 13810. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413810

AMA Style

Lincoln S, Buckley P, Howes EL, Maltby KM, Pinnegar JK, Ali TS, Alosairi Y, Al-Ragum A, Baglee A, Balmes CO, et al. A Regional Review of Marine and Coastal Impacts of Climate Change on the ROPME Sea Area. Sustainability. 2021; 13(24):13810. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413810

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lincoln, Susana, Paul Buckley, Ella L. Howes, Katherine M. Maltby, John K. Pinnegar, Thamer S. Ali, Yousef Alosairi, Alanoud Al-Ragum, Alastair Baglee, Chiden Oseo Balmes, and et al. 2021. "A Regional Review of Marine and Coastal Impacts of Climate Change on the ROPME Sea Area" Sustainability 13, no. 24: 13810. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413810

APA Style

Lincoln, S., Buckley, P., Howes, E. L., Maltby, K. M., Pinnegar, J. K., Ali, T. S., Alosairi, Y., Al-Ragum, A., Baglee, A., Balmes, C. O., Hamadou, R. B., Burt, J. A., Claereboudt, M., Glavan, J., Mamiit, R. J., Naser, H. A., Sedighi, O., Shokri, M. R., Shuhaibar, B., ... Le Quesne, W. J. F. (2021). A Regional Review of Marine and Coastal Impacts of Climate Change on the ROPME Sea Area. Sustainability, 13(24), 13810. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413810

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