Living Heritage in the Urban Landscape. Case Study of the Budapest World Heritage Site Andrássy Avenue
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Urban Allées–from Garden Art to Urban Landscape Architecture—A Literature Review
1.2. Andrássy Avenue and Its Importance in the Urban Landscape
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Site Survey of the Urban Avenue as a Linear Green Open Space
2.2. Dendrological and Dendrometrical Survey
3. Results of Site Analyses and Tree Survey
3.1. Andrássy’s Urban Character and Functions
3.2. Green System and Habitat Analyses along Andrássy Avenue
3.2.1. Urban Habitat and Planting Places
3.2.2. Species Uniformity/Diversity
3.2.3. Age Uniformity
3.2.4. Condition of Roots, Root Collars and Tree Pits
3.2.5. Trunks’ Condition
3.2.6. Crowns’ Condition
3.2.7. Correlation of Vitality
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
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Sections | Length (m) | Character | No. of Rows | No. of Trees | Species (Dominant in Bold) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
I. | 844 | closed rows installation, no service road and walkway, trees in tree pits, opposite plantations | 1 × 1 | 182 | Celtis australis, Celtis occidentalis |
II. | 563 | closed rows installation, service road and walkway, trees in the green bar, alternate plantations (triple bond) | 2 × 2 | 274 | Fraxinus excelsior, F. ex. ‘Westhof’s Glorie’, F. pennsylvanica, Platanus × hispanica, Ulmus grabra, Celtis australis |
III. | 656 | closed rows installation, service road and walkway, trees in the green bar, alternate plantations (triple bond) | 2 × 2 | 337 | F. ex.‘Westhof’s Glorie’ |
Oktogon | plantation in tree pits, along the four square borders | 1 × 1 | 13 | Celtis australis, Celtis occidentalis, Platanus × hispanica | |
Kodály Körönd | the plantation is in the green area on green islands | 1 × 1 | 10 | Platanus × hispanica, Celtis occidentalis |
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Szilágyi, K.; Lahmar, C.; Rosa, C.A.P.; Szabó, K. Living Heritage in the Urban Landscape. Case Study of the Budapest World Heritage Site Andrássy Avenue. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4699. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094699
Szilágyi K, Lahmar C, Rosa CAP, Szabó K. Living Heritage in the Urban Landscape. Case Study of the Budapest World Heritage Site Andrássy Avenue. Sustainability. 2021; 13(9):4699. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094699
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzilágyi, Kinga, Chaima Lahmar, Camila Andressa Pereira Rosa, and Krisztina Szabó. 2021. "Living Heritage in the Urban Landscape. Case Study of the Budapest World Heritage Site Andrássy Avenue" Sustainability 13, no. 9: 4699. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13094699