Nexus of Transformational Leadership, Employee Adaptiveness, Knowledge Sharing, and Employee Creativity
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Dynamic Capability Theory
1.2. Theoretical Framework
2. Literature Review
2.1. Transformational Leadership and Employee Creativity
2.2. Transformational Leadership and Employees’ Adaptiveness
2.3. Employees Adaptiveness Predicts Employees Creativity
2.4. Mediating Role of Employees Adaptiveness
2.5. Moderating Role of Knowledge Sharing
3. Methods
3.1. Data Collection
3.2. Scale Measurement
4. Analysis and Results
4.1. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA)
4.2. Descriptive Analysis
4.3. Hypothesis Testing
5. Discussion
5.1. Theoretical Implication
5.2. Practical Implications
6. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
Variables | Items |
Transformational leadership | Our supervisor: |
TL1 | Is an admirable listener. |
TL2 | Gives us autonomy in designing how I perform my job. |
TL3 | Believes in taking better descisions for my job. |
TL4 | I feel proficient and prepared to accomplish tasks for my profession. |
TL5 | Clearly delivers his idea in the written form. |
TL6 | Generally, says the right words at the right time. |
TL7 | Paint an attractive picture of the future for us. |
TL8 | Gives an interesting model to follow. |
TL9 | Shows interest in what I say. |
TL10 | Articulates a fascinating vision. |
TL11 | Encourages the attainment of group goals. |
TL12 | Supports the achievement of superior performance expectations. |
Employee adaptiveness | |
EA1 | We can adopt rapid changes occurring in the market. |
EA2 | Our extant competencies support in implementing advancements in the industry. |
EA3 | We are capable of withstanding challenges in the way of our success. |
EA4 | We are excited to face challenges and adapt to new e-commerce trends. |
Knowledge Sharing | |
KS1 | We appreciate knowledge sharing among fellow employees and consider it as valuable for all. |
KS2 | We believe that sharing ideas and knowledge among workers is beneficial. |
KS3 | We consider that sharing of information, knowledge and ideas gives pleasure and success. |
KS4 | Our organization offers sufficient opportunities for knowledge sharing. |
EC1 | Our subordinates explore new patterns and opportunities for dealing with challenges and work. |
EC2 | Our subordinates find novel ideas and techniques to resolve problems. |
EC3 | Our subordinates generate new tools to perform operational tasks. |
EC4 | Our subordinates present originality in their work. |
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Details | Loadings | AVE | C.R | C.Alpha |
---|---|---|---|---|
Transformational Leadership | 0.76 | 0.92 | 0.85 | |
T-L1 | 0.844 | |||
T-L2 | 0.847 | |||
T-L3 | 0.855 | |||
T-L4 | 0.874 | |||
T-L5 | 0.822 | |||
T-L6 | 0.865 | |||
T-L7 | 0.862 | |||
T-L8 | 0.832 | |||
T-L9 | 0.844 | |||
T-L10 | 0.866 | |||
T-L11 | 0.866 | |||
T-L12 | 0.855 | |||
Employee Adaptiveness | 0.77 | 0.94 | 0.88 | |
EmpAdap1 | 0.836 | |||
EmpAdap2 | 0.855 | |||
EmpAdap3 | 0.842 | |||
EmpAdap4 | 0.845 | |||
Knowledge Sharing | 0.74 | 0.91 | 0.86 | |
K-S 1 | 0.863 | |||
K-S 2 | 0.852 | |||
K-S 3 | 0.824 | |||
K-S 4 | 0.854 | |||
Employee Creativity | 0.78 | 0.95 | 0.87 | |
EmployCreativity1 | 0.814 | |||
EmployCreativity2 | 0.824 | |||
EmployCreativity3 | 0.844 | |||
EmployCreativity4 | 0.855 |
Model Detail | χ2 | D-f | χ2/df | RMESA | GFI | CFI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4-factor model (Hypothesized) | 1568.21 | 550 | 2.851 | 0.045 | 0.94 | 0.93 |
Three-factor model | 1090.22 | 340 | 3.207 | 0.014 | 0.87 | 0.86 |
Two-factor model | 1060.22 | 325 | 3.262 | 0.011 | 0.82 | 0.79 |
Single-factor model | 1055.44 | 310 | 3.405 | 0.22 | 0.78 | 0.77 |
Constructs | Mean | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hotel age | 0.9 | 0.81 | 1 | |||||||
Hotel size | 33 | --- | 0.09 | 1 | ||||||
Respondent education | 2.9 | 0.84 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 1 | |||||
Respondent experience | 2.4 | 0.91 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 1 | ||||
TL | 3.8 | 0.93 | 0.09 | 0.12 * | 0.08 | 0.07 | 1 | |||
Employee adaptiveness | 3.5 | 0.91 | 0.05 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.44 ** | 1 | ||
Employee Creativity | 3.9 | 0.95 | 0.03 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.21 * | 0.30 ** | 1 | |
Knowledge sharing | 3.6 | 0.90 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.25 ** | 0.23 * | 0.17 * | 1 |
Model | Description | Effects | Beta | Sig | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Transformational leadership → Employee creativity | + | 0.23 | 0.000 | H1-Proved |
2 | Transformational leadership → Employee adaptiveness | + | 0.44 | 0.000 | H2-Proved |
3 | Employee adaptiveness → Employee creativity | + | 0.30 | 0.000 | H3-Proved |
Path Details | Coefficient | t-Value | SE | Sig | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(Path a) Transformational leadership → Employee adaptiveness | 0.478 | 16.440 | 0.041 | 0.000 | ||
(Path b) Employee Adaptiveness → Employee creativity | 0.382 | 11.486 | 0.033 | 0.000 | ||
(Path c) Transformational leadership → Employee creativity | 0.248 | 7.648 | 0.046 | 0.000 | ||
(Path c’) Transformational leadership → Employee creativity | 0.093 | 1.931 | 0.048 | 0.054 | ||
Model summary for DV Model: R2 = 0.1646; F = 99.0219; p = 0.0000 | ||||||
Bootstrap for indirect effect of IV on DV through mediator “ab path” | ||||||
Model Detail | Data | Boot | Bias | SE | Lower | Upper |
TL → EA → EC | 0.1551 | 0.1538 | −0.001 | 0.030 | 0.2008 | 0.3187 |
Soble Test Z Score = 9.404 |
Step 1 | Step 2 | Step 3 | |
---|---|---|---|
Moderation of knowledge sharing | |||
Business age | 0.028 | 0.010 | 0.009 |
Business size | 0.023 | 0.020 | 0.017 |
Respondent education | 0.007 | 0.005 | 0.006 |
Respondent experience | 0.033 | 0.034 | 0.043 |
Transformational leadership | 0.32 ** | 0.35 ** | |
Knowledge sharing | 0.24 ** | 0.28 ** | |
Transformational leader × knowledge sharing | 0.22 ** | ||
R2 | 0.009 | 0.191 | 0.198 |
Adjusted R2 | 0.003 | 0.159 | 0.175 |
∆R2 | 0.007 | 0.163 | 0.028 |
∆F | 4.172 | 79.63 | 17.13 |
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Żywiołek, J.; Tucmeanu, E.R.; Tucmeanu, A.I.; Isac, N.; Yousaf, Z. Nexus of Transformational Leadership, Employee Adaptiveness, Knowledge Sharing, and Employee Creativity. Sustainability 2022, 14, 11607. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811607
Żywiołek J, Tucmeanu ER, Tucmeanu AI, Isac N, Yousaf Z. Nexus of Transformational Leadership, Employee Adaptiveness, Knowledge Sharing, and Employee Creativity. Sustainability. 2022; 14(18):11607. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811607
Chicago/Turabian StyleŻywiołek, Justyna, Elena Roxana Tucmeanu, Alin Iulian Tucmeanu, Nicoleta Isac, and Zahid Yousaf. 2022. "Nexus of Transformational Leadership, Employee Adaptiveness, Knowledge Sharing, and Employee Creativity" Sustainability 14, no. 18: 11607. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141811607