A Model between Cohesion and Its Inter-Controlled Factors of Fine-Grained Sediments in Beichuan Debris Flow, Sichuan Province, China
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Materials and Equipment
2.3. Methods
2.3.1. Data Acquisition
2.3.2. Parameter Measurement Experiment
2.3.3. Model
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Results
3.2. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Materials | Equipment | Manufacturer/Provider |
---|---|---|
Remote sensing images | Gaofen (GF) | Land satellite remote sensing application center, China |
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) | Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) | Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Japan |
Soil | Ring knife (200 mL) | Longnian Hardware Tools Store, China |
Cohesion | ZJ strain-controlled direct shear instrument | Nanjing soil instrument factory Company Limited (Co., Ltd.), China |
Permeability coefficient | TST-55 permeameter | Zhejiang Dadi Instrument Co., Ltd., China |
Density | MDJ-300A solid densitometer | Shanghai Lichen Instrument Technology Co., Ltd., China |
Moisture | Electric heating constant temperature drying oven | Shanghai-southern Electric Furnace Oven Factory, China |
Particle size | Microtrac S3500 | American Microtrac Incorporated (Inc.) |
Effective Internal Friction Angle (°) | ln(p) (m/d) | Density (g/cm3) | Moisture (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Cohesion (KPa) | −0.66 | −0.58 | 0.36 | 0.32 |
Coefficient | p Value | Lower Limit 95.0% | Upper Limit 95.0% | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | 22.91 | 0.00 | 22.40 | 23.43 |
Density | 0.86 | 0.05 | −0.03 | 1.76 |
ln(p) | −1.59 | 0.00 | −2.23 | −0.96 |
Effective internal friction angle | −2.49 | 0.00 | −3.04 | −1.95 |
Moisture | −0.33 | 0.45 | −1.20 | 0.54 |
Coefficient | p Value | Lower Limit 95.0% | Upper Limit 95.0 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Intercept | 22.91 | 0.00 | 22.40 | 23.43 |
Density | 0.62 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 1.22 |
ln(p) | −1.57 | 0.00 | −2.20 | −0.93 |
Effective internal friction angle | −2.48 | 0.00 | −3.03 | −1.93 |
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Wang, Q.; Xie, J.; Yang, J.; Liu, P.; Chang, D.; Xu, W. A Model between Cohesion and Its Inter-Controlled Factors of Fine-Grained Sediments in Beichuan Debris Flow, Sichuan Province, China. Sustainability 2022, 14, 12832. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912832
Wang Q, Xie J, Yang J, Liu P, Chang D, Xu W. A Model between Cohesion and Its Inter-Controlled Factors of Fine-Grained Sediments in Beichuan Debris Flow, Sichuan Province, China. Sustainability. 2022; 14(19):12832. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912832
Chicago/Turabian StyleWang, Qinjun, Jingjing Xie, Jingyi Yang, Peng Liu, Dingkun Chang, and Wentao Xu. 2022. "A Model between Cohesion and Its Inter-Controlled Factors of Fine-Grained Sediments in Beichuan Debris Flow, Sichuan Province, China" Sustainability 14, no. 19: 12832. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141912832