Influence of Steel and Polypropylene Fibers on the Structural Behavior of Sustainable Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Beams Made from Crushed Clay Bricks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Program
2.1. Materials
2.2. Details of Reinforced Concrete Beams
2.3. Experimental Setup
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Concrete Slump
3.2. Concrete Density
3.3. Concrete Compressive Strength
3.4. Crack Patterns and Mode of Failure of Reinforced Beams
3.5. Effect of Fiber Volume on the Load–Deflection Response of Reinforced Beams
3.6. Steel Reinforcement Strains
4. Numerical Analysis
5. Conclusions
- LWC beams exhibited a considerable amount of deflection, which provided enough warning before failure. Moreover, the ductility of LWC beams was higher than that of normal-weight concrete beams.
- When PPF was added to LWC by up to 0.2% by volume, the ultimate load and displacement ductility significantly improved compared to fiberless LWC beams by about 16% and 24.7%, respectively.
- With the addition of 0.5% and 1.0% SF, the compressive strength of the LWC beams increased by approximately 11.8% and 17.6%, respectively, after 28 days. Similarly, 0.1% PPF and 0.2% PPF increased the compressive strength after 28 days by approximately 5.9% and 11.8%, respectively.
- Compared to the control beam, the ultimate load of all fiber-reinforced beams increased by an average of 16%. SF outperformed PPF in terms of effectiveness at reducing flexural cracks and enhancing crack control.
- The ductility of the beam was greatly improved by 20% when 0.1% PPF was added compared to the control beam, whereas 18% was lost when 0.5% SF was added.
- The numerical model’s results showed strong agreement with the experimental results, indicating that it might replace laboratory experiments in future studies.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Aggregate Property | CCBA | FCBA |
---|---|---|
Specific gravity (gm/cm3) | 2.17 | 2.10 |
Bulk density (kg/m3) | 1070 | 1357 |
Water absorption (%) | 13.8 | 18.0 |
Yield Strength | Tensile Strength | Elongation | Modulus of Elasticity | Length | Diameter | Aspect Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
610 MPa | 1100 MPa | 21.6% | 210 GPa | 35 mm | 0.8 mm | 43.75 |
Compressive Strength | Tensile Strength | Modulus of Elasticity | Length | Thickness | Aspect Ratio |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
550 MPa | 450 MPa | 3.5 GPa | 30 mm | 0.3 mm | 100 |
Mix Label | Cement (kg/m3) | Silica Fume (kg/m3) | FCBA (kg/m3) | CCBA (kg/m3) | Water (kg/m3) | Superplasticizer (kg/m3) | Fiber Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B0 | 432 | 48 | 630 | 770 | 168 | 7.2 | - |
B0.1PP | 432 | 48 | 630 | 770 | 168 | 7.2 | 0.1% |
B0.2PP | 432 | 48 | 630 | 770 | 168 | 7.2 | 0.2% |
B0.5SF | 432 | 48 | 630 | 770 | 168 | 9.6 | 0.5% |
B1.0SF | 432 | 48 | 630 | 770 | 168 | 9.6 | 1.0% |
Mix Label | First Cracking Load (kN) | Yield Load (kN) | Max. Loads (kN) | Max. Displacement (mm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
B0 | 60 | 90 | 125 | 16.4 |
B0.1 PP | 60 | 105 | 135 | 19.68 |
B0.2 PP | 80 | 101 | 140 | 18 |
B0.5 SF | 60 | 100 | 140 | 13.45 |
B1.0 SF | 80 | 110 | 145 | 16.88 |
Dilation Angle ψ | Eccentricity | σbo/σco | Kc | Viscosity |
---|---|---|---|---|
36 | 0.1 | 1.16 | 0.6667 | 0 |
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Elsherbiny, E.A.; Mortagi, M.; Youssf, O.; Abd Elrahman, M.; Madawy, M.E.E. Influence of Steel and Polypropylene Fibers on the Structural Behavior of Sustainable Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Beams Made from Crushed Clay Bricks. Sustainability 2023, 15, 14570. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914570
Elsherbiny EA, Mortagi M, Youssf O, Abd Elrahman M, Madawy MEE. Influence of Steel and Polypropylene Fibers on the Structural Behavior of Sustainable Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Beams Made from Crushed Clay Bricks. Sustainability. 2023; 15(19):14570. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914570
Chicago/Turabian StyleElsherbiny, Esraa A., Mohamed Mortagi, Osama Youssf, Mohamed Abd Elrahman, and Mohamed E. El Madawy. 2023. "Influence of Steel and Polypropylene Fibers on the Structural Behavior of Sustainable Reinforced Lightweight Concrete Beams Made from Crushed Clay Bricks" Sustainability 15, no. 19: 14570. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914570