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Volume 15
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Systematic Review

Blockchain in Online Learning: A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Visualization

by
Mao Zhao
1,
Wei Liu
2,
Abu Naser Mohammad Saif
3,4,
Bo Wang
5,*,
Rasheda Akter Rupa
6,
K. M. Anwarul Islam
7,
S. M. Masudur Rahman
8,
Nusrat Hafiz
9,10,
Rehnuma Mostafa
11 and
Mohammad Anisur Rahman
4
1
School of Economics and Management, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China
2
City Graduate School, City University, Petaling Jaya 46100, Malaysia
3
School of Business and Economics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
4
Department of Management Information Systems, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
5
College of Food Science and Technology, Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, China
6
School of Business, Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1208, Bangladesh
7
Department of Businesses Administration, The Millennium University, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh
8
Faculty of Business and Law, Swinburne University of Technology, Kuching 93350, Malaysia
9
BRAC Business School, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
10
Putra Business School, UPM, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
11
Faculty of Applied and Human Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia
 
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Sustainability 2023, 15(2), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021470
Submission received: 22 November 2022 / Revised: 19 December 2022 / Accepted: 5 January 2023 / Published: 12 January 2023
(This article belongs to the Topic Advances in Online and Distance Learning)
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Abstract

In the contemporary era of global and sustainable information management, blockchain has made a cutting-edge transformation in online learning. To apprehend this new trajectory, this current systematic review with bibliographic visualization aims to identify the thematic clusters of underlying aspects concerning the sustainable nexus of blockchain and online learning. Using the updated guidelines of the PRISMA flowchart, a total of 434 scholarly research papers from the mainstream research databases, i.e., Web of Science, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and ScienceDirect, were inspected to be categorized into 15 relevant publications. Bibliographic data were assembled and analyzed accordingly to construct network visualization maps, such as co-authorship, citation, co-citation, bibliographic coupling, and term co-occurrence using VOSviewer 1.6.18. Significant terms were reported and later cross-mapped with those identified by critically reviewing the applicable 15 papers. Standardized scholarship, behavior pattern, and digital badging have been found and derived as themes from the connected clusters. Therefore, current research findings reveal these three broad clutches of themes concerning the sustainable nexus of blockchain and online learning.
Keywords: Blockchain; online learning; qualitative; systematic review; bibliographic; PRISMA; VOSviewer Blockchain; online learning; qualitative; systematic review; bibliographic; PRISMA; VOSviewer

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhao, M.; Liu, W.; Saif, A.N.M.; Wang, B.; Rupa, R.A.; Islam, K.M.A.; Rahman, S.M.M.; Hafiz, N.; Mostafa, R.; Rahman, M.A. Blockchain in Online Learning: A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Visualization. Sustainability 2023, 15, 1470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021470

AMA Style

Zhao M, Liu W, Saif ANM, Wang B, Rupa RA, Islam KMA, Rahman SMM, Hafiz N, Mostafa R, Rahman MA. Blockchain in Online Learning: A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Visualization. Sustainability. 2023; 15(2):1470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021470

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhao, Mao, Wei Liu, Abu Naser Mohammad Saif, Bo Wang, Rasheda Akter Rupa, K. M. Anwarul Islam, S. M. Masudur Rahman, Nusrat Hafiz, Rehnuma Mostafa, and Mohammad Anisur Rahman. 2023. "Blockchain in Online Learning: A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Visualization" Sustainability 15, no. 2: 1470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021470

APA Style

Zhao, M., Liu, W., Saif, A. N. M., Wang, B., Rupa, R. A., Islam, K. M. A., Rahman, S. M. M., Hafiz, N., Mostafa, R., & Rahman, M. A. (2023). Blockchain in Online Learning: A Systematic Review and Bibliographic Visualization. Sustainability, 15(2), 1470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021470

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