Visitors’ Perception Regarding Floating Treatment Wetlands in an Urban Green Space: Functionality and Emotional Values
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Area
2.2. Floating Treatment Wetlands Description
2.3. Interviews and Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Description of the Respondents’ Sample
3.2. Perception of the Floating Treatment Wetlands Structure
3.3. Perception of the Floating Treatment Wetlands Function
3.4. Emotions Regarding Floating Treatment Wetlands in ‘Los Lagos del Dique’
3.5. Perception Regarding Floating Treatment Wetlands in Association with Respondents’ Features
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Without Signs (n = 200) | With Signs (n = 200) | Total (n = 400) | |
---|---|---|---|
Percentage | Percentage | Percentage | |
Gender | |||
Female | 50.0 | 50.5 | 50.3 |
Male | 50.0 | 49.5 | 49.8 |
Occupation | |||
Primary school student | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.8 |
Secondary school student | 7.5 | 0.5 | 4.0 |
High school student | 14.5 | 9.5 | 12.0 |
College student | 34.5 | 34.5 | 34.5 |
Postgraduate student | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.3 |
Housewife | 13.0 | 18.0 | 15.5 |
Farmer | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
Worker/Employee | 24.0 | 33.0 | 28.5 |
Retired | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 |
Missing data | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.8 |
Highest school level | |||
None | 2.5 | 4.0 | 3.3 |
Primary school | 13.0 | 1.5 | 7.3 |
Secondary school | 26.5 | 29.0 | 27.8 |
High school | 44.5 | 55.0 | 49.8 |
University | 11.5 | 10.5 | 11.0 |
Postgraduate | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.3 |
Missing data | 1.5 | 0.0 | 0.8 |
System | Aspect | Referred Aspect as the most Noticeable |
---|---|---|
FTW | Composition | Mentioned components were plants, plastic containers, bamboo, and plastic crates (i.e., all FTW structural components). |
Arrangement | Regarding the linear disposition of the components, mainly the plants. | |
Maintenance | Mentioned mainly regarding plants in a negative way: “they don’t look healthy” or “they are neglected”. | |
Floatage | This aspect was mentioned due to the use of plastic containers. | |
‘Los Lagos del Dique’ | Composition | Mentioned components were water, fish, birds, ducks, fauna, and nature. |
Maintenance | Reported as lacking in maintenance, mainly regarding the presence of garbage or the color of the water (“green water” or “the water is green”) in an unfavorable way. |
Without Signs (n = 200) | With Signs (n = 200) | Chi2(1) | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Studied Aspects 1 | Frequency | Proportion | Frequency | Proportion | ||
FTWc | 123 | 0.615 | 164 | 0.820 | 19.734 | <0.000 |
FTWf | 15 | 0.075 | 4 | 0.020 | 5.526 | 0.019 |
FTWm | 9 | 0.045 | 3 | 0.015 | 2.148 | 0.143 |
FTWa | 9 | 0.045 | 2 | 0.010 | 3.365 | 0.067 |
Sm | 50 | 0.250 | 100 | 0.500 | 25.611 | <0.000 |
Sc | 40 | 0.200 | 66 | 0.330 | 8.022 | 0.005 |
Function Stated by Respondents | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Filter/clean the water | 201 | 63.41 |
Ornament/embellish the system | 49 | 15.46 |
Feed, breed, care and retain the fishes | 28 | 8.83 |
Retain garbage | 22 | 6.94 |
Oxygenate the water | 17 | 5.36 |
Sow/grow/care for plants | 5 | 1.58 |
Plant floatage | 3 | 0.95 |
Provide nutrients to the water | 2 | 0.63 |
Avoid mud | 2 | 0.63 |
Avoid pollution | 2 | 0.63 |
As a barrier | 2 | 0.63 |
Attract birds or as a perch for them | 2 | 0.63 |
Retain/separate the water | 2 | 0.63 |
Help the water | 1 | 0.32 |
For recreation | 1 | 0.32 |
Total 1 | 339 | 106.94 |
Without Signs (n = 147) | With Signs (n = 170) | Chi2(1) | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Proportion | Frequency | Proportion | |||
No | 66 | 0.208 | 36 | 0.114 | 19.254 | <0.000 |
Yes | 81 | 0.256 | 134 | 0.423 |
Without Signs (n = 200) | With Signs (n = 200) | Chi2(1) | p-Value | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency | Proportion | Frequency | Proportion | |||
Indifference | 14 | 0.070 | 41 | 0.205 | 16.621 | <0.000 |
Positive | 84 | 0.420 | 84 | 0.420 | ||
Negative | 97 | 0.485 | 73 | 0.365 | ||
Positive/negative 1 | 4 | 0.020 | 2 | 0.010 | - | - |
Missing data 1 | 1 | 0.005 | 0 | 0.000 |
Positive Emotions | Frequency | Percentage | Negative Emotions | Frequency | Percentage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Calmness | 74 | 21.51 | Sadness | 85 | 24.71 |
Peace | 21 | 6.10 | Displeasure | 51 | 14.83 |
Pleasure | 19 | 5.52 | Annoyance | 26 | 7.56 |
Curiosity | 18 | 5.23 | Frustration | 6 | 1.74 |
Happiness | 16 | 4.65 | Nostalgia | 3 | 0.87 |
Joy | 11 | 3.20 | Discouragement | 3 | 0.87 |
Contemplation | 6 | 1.74 | Disappointment | 3 | 0.87 |
Wellness | 3 | 0.87 | Anxiety | 2 | 0.58 |
Motivation | 3 | 0.87 | Confusion | 2 | 0.58 |
Amazement | 2 | 0.58 | Desolation | 2 | 0.58 |
Entertainment | 2 | 0.58 | Depression | 2 | 0.58 |
Satisfaction | 2 | 0.58 | Uncertainty | 1 | 0.29 |
Remembrance | 1 | 0.29 | Concern | 1 | 0.29 |
Awareness | 1 | 0.29 | |||
Stability | 1 | 0.29 | |||
Inspiration | 1 | 0.29 | |||
Optimism | 1 | 0.29 | |||
Relaxation | 1 | 0.29 | |||
Total 1 | 183 | 53.20 | Total 1 | 187 | 54.36 |
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Falfán, I.; Lascurain-Rangel, M.; Sánchez-Galván, G.; Olguín, E.J.; Hernández-Huerta, A.; Covarrubias-Báez, M. Visitors’ Perception Regarding Floating Treatment Wetlands in an Urban Green Space: Functionality and Emotional Values. Sustainability 2023, 15, 2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032000
Falfán I, Lascurain-Rangel M, Sánchez-Galván G, Olguín EJ, Hernández-Huerta A, Covarrubias-Báez M. Visitors’ Perception Regarding Floating Treatment Wetlands in an Urban Green Space: Functionality and Emotional Values. Sustainability. 2023; 15(3):2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032000
Chicago/Turabian StyleFalfán, Ina, Maite Lascurain-Rangel, Gloria Sánchez-Galván, Eugenia J. Olguín, Arturo Hernández-Huerta, and Melissa Covarrubias-Báez. 2023. "Visitors’ Perception Regarding Floating Treatment Wetlands in an Urban Green Space: Functionality and Emotional Values" Sustainability 15, no. 3: 2000. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15032000