Research on Integrated Scheduling of Multi-Mode Emergency Rescue for Flooding in Chemical Parks
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Problem Definition
2.1. Problem Description and Explanation of Parameters
2.1.1. Problem Description
2.1.2. Explanations of Parameters and Variables
Activity number, , where indicates the total number of real activities included in the rescue project. | |
Time period number, , where indicates the maximum project duration. | |
Resource serial number , where indicates the number of updateable resource species in the project. | |
Duration when activity takes mode execution. | |
Deadline for event . | |
The set of activities immediately preceding activity . | |
Start time of the activity . | |
The set of completed activities at moment . | |
The set of activities being executed at moment . | |
The set of activities that have not yet started at moment . | |
Capacity of the updateable resource. | |
Activity has execution modes. | |
The demand for resource when activity adopts mode . |
2.2. Model Construction
2.2.1. Construction of a Proactive Emergency Rescue Scheduling Model
2.2.2. Construction of a Reactive Emergency Rescue Scheduling Model
3. Solution Algorithm
3.1. Initialization
3.1.1. Initialization of the Heuristic Term Matrix
3.1.2. Initialization of the Pheromone Matrix
3.2. State Transfer Strategy
3.3. Pheromone Update
3.4. Establish Activity Priority Rules
3.5. Update the Event List
3.6. Solution of Reactive Emergency Rescue Scheduling Model
4. Computational Experiments
4.1. Case Data Description
4.2. Analysis of Calculation Results
4.3. Sensitivity Analysis
5. Conclusions
- Under the constraint of limited resources, the integrated scheduling of multi-mode emergency rescue can improve rescue efficiency and effectively reduce the loss of affected people compared with a single mode.
- With an increase in emergency resources, the duration of rescue activities and the loss of affected people are gradually reduced when adopting a multi-modal execution of rescue activities in the new rescue environment.
- At the early stages of emergency response, the baseline rescue plan should follow the rescue principle of life first, giving priority to search and rescue, evacuation of residents, and other rescue work for affected people.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uncertain factors | Resources | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
Activity duration | √ | √ | √ | ||||||||
Uncertain scenarios | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||||
Objective functions | Loss of affected people | √ | √ | ||||||||
Robustness | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||
Cost | √ | ||||||||||
Rescue efficiency | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||
Execution Modes | Single mode | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
Multi-mode | √ | √ | |||||||||
Scheduling methods | Proactive scheduling | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||
Reactive scheduling | √ | √ | |||||||||
Proactive–reactive integrated scheduling | √ | √ | √ |
Activity Number | Activity Name | Normal Mode | Emergency Mode | Activity Weights | Sequence of Events | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Expected Duration | Expected Input Resources | Expected Duration | Expected Input Resources | ||||
0 | Disaster Occurrence | 0 | (0,0) | 0 | (0,0) | 0 | 0–1 |
1 | Disaster investigation and assessment | 24 | (60,20) | 19 | (72,24) | 0.01 | 1–2 |
2 | Hidden danger inspection | 20 | (80,30) | 16 | (96,36) | 0.01 | 2–3 |
3 | Geological disaster prevention | 24 | (90,40) | 16 | (102,45) | 0.04 | 2–4 |
4 | Pumping and draining | 68 | (70,25) | 54 | (84,30) | 0.06 | 3–5 |
5 | Search and rescue | 48 | (240,70) | 36 | (288,84) | 0.07 | 4–6 |
6 | On-site traffic control | 60 | (60,20) | 48 | (72,24) | 0.01 | 4–7 |
7 | Fire fighting | 24 | (80,20) | 16 | (96,24) | 0.07 | 4–8 |
8 | Road repair | 22 | (120,36) | 16 | (140,40) | 0.06 | 5–9 |
9 | Evacuation of residents | 12 | (90,30) | 8 | (110,36) | 0.04 | 6–10 |
10 | Transfer of affected people | 6 | (80,40) | 5 | (96,48) | 0.04 | 6–11 |
11 | Pollution treatment | 96 | (120,60) | 65 | (142,72) | 0.06 | 7–12 |
12 | Electricity repair | 12 | (30,15) | 10 | (36,18) | 0.01 | 8–13 |
13 | Gas supply repair | 20 | (20,10) | 15 | (22,12) | 0.03 | 8–14 |
14 | Water supply repair | 26 | (20,10) | 18 | (24,12) | 0.03 | 8–15 |
15 | Asset transfer protection | 19 | (50,20) | 12 | (58,24) | 0.04 | 9–16 |
16 | Communication guarantee | 24 | (16,8) | 18 | (20,10) | 0.03 | 10–16 |
17 | Material supply | 48 | (73,20) | 28 | (96,24) | 0.04 | 11–16 |
18 | Medical assistance | 36 | (100,30) | 25 | (115,36) | 0.06 | 11–17 |
19 | Environmental monitoring | 20 | (20,10) | 20 | (20,10) | 0.01 | 12–18 |
20 | Electricity guarantee | 12 | (15,8) | 10 | (18,10) | 0.04 | 13–18 |
21 | Gas supply guarantee | 12 | (10,5) | 8 | (12,6) | 0.01 | 14–18 |
22 | Water supply guarantee | 12 | (10,5) | 9 | (12,6) | 0.04 | 15–18 |
23 | Epidemic prevention | 19 | (50,20) | 12 | (58,24) | 0.01 | 16–19 |
24 | Resettlement of people | 30 | (160,80) | 22 | (192,96) | 0.06 | 17–19 |
25 | Hidden danger detection | 40 | (60,20) | 32 | (72,24) | 0.04 | 18–19 |
26 | Reconstruction and repair | 72 | (180,80) | 58 | (216,96) | 0.06 | 19–20 |
27 | End | 0 | (0,0) | 0 | (0,0) | 0 | 20–21 |
Serial Number | Reactive Scheduling Solutions | Rescue Duration (h) | Loss of Affected People | Magnitude of Loss Change |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | (0,0,135,0,141,16,62,24,154,34,129,64,24,42,42,160, 170,155,129,129,129,129,129,129,216,189,155,219,238) | 238 | 3971.83 | −18.89% |
2 | (0,0,95,0,115,16,62,24,142,34,64,77,24,42,42,142, 190,142,64,85,85,80,85,205,183,142,205,208) | 208 | 3696.61 | −7.45% |
3 | (0,0,95,0,115,16,62,24,145,34,64,77,24,42,42,188, 188,145,64,85,85,80,85,207,177,145,207,212) | 212 | 3639.65 | −1.56% |
Total | - | - | - | −27.90% |
Resource Portfolio | Rescue Personnel | Rescue Equipment |
---|---|---|
1 | 603 | 99 |
2 | 608 | 103 |
3 | 668 | 106 |
4 | 735 | 117 |
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Guo, B.; Zhan, W. Research on Integrated Scheduling of Multi-Mode Emergency Rescue for Flooding in Chemical Parks. Sustainability 2023, 15, 2930. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15042930
Guo B, Zhan W. Research on Integrated Scheduling of Multi-Mode Emergency Rescue for Flooding in Chemical Parks. Sustainability. 2023; 15(4):2930. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15042930
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuo, Bowen, and Wei Zhan. 2023. "Research on Integrated Scheduling of Multi-Mode Emergency Rescue for Flooding in Chemical Parks" Sustainability 15, no. 4: 2930. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15042930