Upcycling PVC and PET as Volume-Enhancing Functional Fillers for the Development of High-Performance Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Collection and Preparation of PVC and PET Wastes
2.3. Preparation of Coconut Oil-Based Polyol
2.4. Foam Formulation
2.5. Polyol Analyses
2.6. Characterization of Rigid Polyurethane Foam
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Preparation of Polyol
3.2. Viscosities of Polyol and PPW Blends
3.3. Chemical Structure of RPUF
3.4. Morphological Structure of RPUF
3.5. Physico-Mechanical and Thermal Properties of RPUF
3.6. Thermal Stability of RPUF
3.7. Implications to Sustainability
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Foam Formulation | Components | Concentration, php a | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0% Filler | 5% Filler | 10% Filler | 15% Filler | 20% Filler | 0% Filler | ||
B-Side Components | |||||||
Polyol | Coco Diethanolamide | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
PPW filler | PVC or PET | 0 | 2.5 | 5 | 7.5 | 10 | 0 |
Catalyst | Polycat 8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Surfactant | INV 690 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Blowing agent | Water | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
A-Side Component | |||||||
Isocyanate index b of PAPI 27 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 | 110 |
Parameter | Value |
---|---|
OH number | 332 ± 3 mg KOH/g |
Acid Number | 1.5 ± 0.2 mg KOH/g |
Viscosity | 1750 ± 25 mPa·s |
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Ochigue, P.C.D.; Dingcong, R.G., Jr.; Bondaug, J.C.S.; Magalong, B.C.G.; Dumancas, G.G.; Gutierrez, C.S.; Alguno, A.C.; Malaluan, R.M.; Lubguban, A.A.; Bacosa, H.P. Upcycling PVC and PET as Volume-Enhancing Functional Fillers for the Development of High-Performance Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams. Sustainability 2024, 16, 8540. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198540
Ochigue PCD, Dingcong RG Jr., Bondaug JCS, Magalong BCG, Dumancas GG, Gutierrez CS, Alguno AC, Malaluan RM, Lubguban AA, Bacosa HP. Upcycling PVC and PET as Volume-Enhancing Functional Fillers for the Development of High-Performance Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams. Sustainability. 2024; 16(19):8540. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198540
Chicago/Turabian StyleOchigue, Princess Claire D., Roger G. Dingcong, Jr., John Christian S. Bondaug, Brian Christian G. Magalong, Gerard G. Dumancas, Carlo S. Gutierrez, Arnold C. Alguno, Roberto M. Malaluan, Arnold A. Lubguban, and Hernando P. Bacosa. 2024. "Upcycling PVC and PET as Volume-Enhancing Functional Fillers for the Development of High-Performance Bio-Based Rigid Polyurethane Foams" Sustainability 16, no. 19: 8540. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16198540