Virtual Sensors for Biodiesel Production in a Batch Reactor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Transesterification Model
3. Extended Kalman Filter
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. Simulation of the Transesterification Reaction
4.2. Reaction Estimation
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Type of Oil | Jatropha Oil |
---|---|
Alcohol:oil molar ratio | 6:1 |
Alcohol | Methanol (CH4O) |
Ng’s reaction time | 90 min |
Catalyst | Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) |
Amount of catalyst | 0.20 wt % of sodium oxide hydraulic oil |
Temperature on reaction | 323.15 K (50 °C) |
Mixing intensity | 600 rpm |
Parameters | Units |
---|---|
Initial conditions | |
Stability parameter | |
Initial condition of S | |
Covariance Matrix | |
Covariance Matrix |
Component | MSE (%) |
---|---|
TG | |
DG | |
MG | 0.0094 |
E | 0.0202 |
A | 0.0033 |
GL | 0.1250 |
Component | MSE (%) |
---|---|
TG | |
DG | |
MG | |
E | |
A | |
GL |
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López-Zapata, B.Y.; Adam-Medina, M.; Álvarez-Gutiérrez, P.E.; Castillo-González, J.P.; León, H.R.H.-d.; Vela-Valdés, L.G. Virtual Sensors for Biodiesel Production in a Batch Reactor. Sustainability 2017, 9, 455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030455
López-Zapata BY, Adam-Medina M, Álvarez-Gutiérrez PE, Castillo-González JP, León HRH-d, Vela-Valdés LG. Virtual Sensors for Biodiesel Production in a Batch Reactor. Sustainability. 2017; 9(3):455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030455
Chicago/Turabian StyleLópez-Zapata, Betty Y., Manuel Adam-Medina, Peggy E. Álvarez-Gutiérrez, Juan P. Castillo-González, Héctor R. Hernández-de León, and Luis G. Vela-Valdés. 2017. "Virtual Sensors for Biodiesel Production in a Batch Reactor" Sustainability 9, no. 3: 455. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9030455