Assessment of Native Radar Reflectivity and Radar Rainfall Estimates for Discharge Forecasting in Mountain Catchments with a Random Forest Model
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Site
2.2. Instruments and Data
2.2.1. Radar
2.2.2. Rain Gauges
2.2.3. Discharge
2.3. Methods
2.3.1. Random Forest Model for Discharge Forecasting
2.3.2. Input Data
2.3.3. Input Data Configuration and Model Optimization
2.3.4. Performance Evaluation
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Feature Selection and Model Optimization
3.2. Performance Evaluation of Discharge Models with Test Data
3.3. Data Type Influence
3.4. Proxy of Soil Moisture Influence
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Model | n Trees | N Features | Depth of Tree | OOB Score |
---|---|---|---|---|
Adjusted | 400 | 18 | 40 | 0.88 |
Adjusted + proxy | 400 | 30 | 40 | 0.89 |
Native | 400 | 18 | 30 | 0.83 |
Native + proxy | 400 | 36 | 30 | 0.85 |
Model | Data * | RMSE | PBIAS | MARE | NSE | Original KGE | Modif. KGE | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
KGE | r | β | α | KGE′ | γ | ||||||
Adjusted | All | 5.38 | 10.02 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 0.78 | 0.87 | 1.10 | 0.85 | 0.72 | 0.77 |
Adjusted + Proxy | All | 5.33 | 9.87 | 0.25 | 0.75 | 0.77 | 0.87 | 1.10 | 0.83 | 0.71 | 0.76 |
Native | All | 6.23 | 9.62 | 0.30 | 0.66 | 0.72 | 0.81 | 1.10 | 0.81 | 0.66 | 0.74 |
Native + Proxy | All | 6.00 | 10.38 | 0.29 | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.83 | 1.10 | 0.82 | 0.68 | 0.75 |
Adjusted | <50m3 s−1 | 3.08 | 16.26 | 0.22 | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.94 | 1.16 | 1.08 | 0.81 | 0.93 |
Adjusted + Proxy | <50m3 s−1 | 3.04 | 17.27 | 0.24 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.94 | 1.17 | 1.04 | 0.79 | 0.89 |
Native | <50m3 s−1 | 3.47 | 17.06 | 0.26 | 0.8 | 0.80 | 0.92 | 1.17 | 1.05 | 0.79 | 0.90 |
Native + Proxy | <50m3 s−1 | 3.53 | 20.51 | 0.29 | 0.8 | 0.77 | 0.92 | 1.21 | 1.05 | 0.75 | 0.87 |
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Orellana-Alvear, J.; Célleri, R.; Rollenbeck, R.; Muñoz, P.; Contreras, P.; Bendix, J. Assessment of Native Radar Reflectivity and Radar Rainfall Estimates for Discharge Forecasting in Mountain Catchments with a Random Forest Model. Remote Sens. 2020, 12, 1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121986
Orellana-Alvear J, Célleri R, Rollenbeck R, Muñoz P, Contreras P, Bendix J. Assessment of Native Radar Reflectivity and Radar Rainfall Estimates for Discharge Forecasting in Mountain Catchments with a Random Forest Model. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12(12):1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121986
Chicago/Turabian StyleOrellana-Alvear, Johanna, Rolando Célleri, Rütger Rollenbeck, Paul Muñoz, Pablo Contreras, and Jörg Bendix. 2020. "Assessment of Native Radar Reflectivity and Radar Rainfall Estimates for Discharge Forecasting in Mountain Catchments with a Random Forest Model" Remote Sensing 12, no. 12: 1986. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12121986