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Nutrients
Volume 13
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10.3390/nu13030763
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Review

Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era

by
Manuela Cassotta
1,†,
Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernandez
2,†,
Danila Cianciosi
3,
Maria Elexpuru Zabaleta
1,
Sandra Sumalla Cano
1,
Irma Dominguez
1,
Beatriz Bullon
4,
Lucia Regolo
3,
Josè Miguel Alvarez-Suarez
5,6,
Francesca Giampieri
3,7,* and
Maurizio Battino
3,8,*
1
Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
2
Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
3
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
4
Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain
5
AgroScience & Food Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito 170125, Ecuador
6
King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jedda 21589, Saudi Arabia
7
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
8
International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Nutrients 2021, 13(3), 763; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030763
Submission received: 7 January 2021 / Revised: 16 February 2021 / Accepted: 24 February 2021 / Published: 26 February 2021
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Abstract

Modern high-throughput ‘omics’ science tools (including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and microbiomics) are currently being applied to nutritional sciences to unravel the fundamental processes of health effects ascribed to particular nutrients in humans and to contribute to more precise nutritional advice. Diet and food components are key environmental factors that interact with the genome, transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and the microbiota, and this life-long interplay defines health and diseases state of the individual. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by a systemic immune-inflammatory response, in genetically susceptible individuals exposed to environmental triggers, including diet. In recent years increasing evidences suggested that nutritional factors and gut microbiome have a central role in RA risk and progression. The aim of this review is to summarize the main and most recent applications of ‘omics’ technologies in human nutrition and in RA research, examining the possible influences of some nutrients and nutritional patterns on RA pathogenesis, following a nutrigenomics approach. The opportunities and challenges of novel ‘omics technologies’ in the exploration of new avenues in RA and nutritional research to prevent and manage RA will be also discussed.
Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis; diet; nutrigenomics; proteomics; metabolomics; microbiome; microbiomics rheumatoid arthritis; diet; nutrigenomics; proteomics; metabolomics; microbiome; microbiomics
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MDPI and ACS Style

Cassotta, M.; Forbes-Hernandez, T.Y.; Cianciosi, D.; Elexpuru Zabaleta, M.; Sumalla Cano, S.; Dominguez, I.; Bullon, B.; Regolo, L.; Alvarez-Suarez, J.M.; Giampieri, F.; et al. Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era. Nutrients 2021, 13, 763. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030763

AMA Style

Cassotta M, Forbes-Hernandez TY, Cianciosi D, Elexpuru Zabaleta M, Sumalla Cano S, Dominguez I, Bullon B, Regolo L, Alvarez-Suarez JM, Giampieri F, et al. Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era. Nutrients. 2021; 13(3):763. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030763

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cassotta, Manuela, Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernandez, Danila Cianciosi, Maria Elexpuru Zabaleta, Sandra Sumalla Cano, Irma Dominguez, Beatriz Bullon, Lucia Regolo, Josè Miguel Alvarez-Suarez, Francesca Giampieri, and et al. 2021. "Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era" Nutrients 13, no. 3: 763. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030763

APA Style

Cassotta, M., Forbes-Hernandez, T. Y., Cianciosi, D., Elexpuru Zabaleta, M., Sumalla Cano, S., Dominguez, I., Bullon, B., Regolo, L., Alvarez-Suarez, J. M., Giampieri, F., & Battino, M. (2021). Nutrition and Rheumatoid Arthritis in the ‘Omics’ Era. Nutrients, 13(3), 763. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030763

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