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Review

Supplementation Strategies for Strength and Power Athletes: Carbohydrate, Protein, and Amino Acid Ingestion

1
School of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
2
Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD 4305, Australia
3
Movement Science, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI 49401, USA
4
Kinesiology and Sport Sciences, School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33146, USA
5
Human Physiology and Sports Physiotherapy Research Group (MFYS), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
6
Brussels Human Robotics Research Center (BruBotics), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
7
Department of Sports, Recreation, Exercise and Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(12), 1886; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121886
Submission received: 10 May 2024 / Revised: 7 June 2024 / Accepted: 12 June 2024 / Published: 14 June 2024

Abstract

It is a common belief amongst strength and power athletes that nutritional supplementation strategies aid recovery by shifting the anabolic/catabolic profile toward anabolism. Factors such as nutrient quantity, nutrient quality, and nutrient timing significantly impact upon the effectiveness of nutritional strategies in optimizing the acute responses to resistance exercise and the adaptive response to resistance training (i.e., muscle growth and strength expression). Specifically, the aim of this review is to address carbohydrates (CHOs), protein (PRO), and/or amino acids (AAs) supplementation strategies, as there is growing evidence suggesting a link between nutrient signaling and the initiation of protein synthesis, muscle glycogen resynthesis, and the attenuation of myofibrillar protein degradation following resistance exercise. Collectively, the current scientific literature indicates that nutritional supplementation strategies utilizing CHO, PRO, and/or AA represents an important approach aimed at enhancing muscular responses for strength and power athletes, primarily increased muscular hypertrophy and enhanced strength expression. There appears to be a critical interaction between resistance exercise and nutrient–cell signaling associated with the principle of nutrient timing (i.e., pre-exercise, during, and post-exercise). Recommendations for nutritional supplementation strategies to promote muscular responses for strength and athletes are provided.
Keywords: athlete; strength; supplements; nutrition; carbohydrate; protein; amino acids athlete; strength; supplements; nutrition; carbohydrate; protein; amino acids

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MDPI and ACS Style

Bird, S.P.; Nienhuis, M.; Biagioli, B.; De Pauw, K.; Meeusen, R. Supplementation Strategies for Strength and Power Athletes: Carbohydrate, Protein, and Amino Acid Ingestion. Nutrients 2024, 16, 1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121886

AMA Style

Bird SP, Nienhuis M, Biagioli B, De Pauw K, Meeusen R. Supplementation Strategies for Strength and Power Athletes: Carbohydrate, Protein, and Amino Acid Ingestion. Nutrients. 2024; 16(12):1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121886

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bird, Stephen P., Mitch Nienhuis, Brian Biagioli, Kevin De Pauw, and Romain Meeusen. 2024. "Supplementation Strategies for Strength and Power Athletes: Carbohydrate, Protein, and Amino Acid Ingestion" Nutrients 16, no. 12: 1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121886

APA Style

Bird, S. P., Nienhuis, M., Biagioli, B., De Pauw, K., & Meeusen, R. (2024). Supplementation Strategies for Strength and Power Athletes: Carbohydrate, Protein, and Amino Acid Ingestion. Nutrients, 16(12), 1886. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16121886

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