Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the IEU OpenGWAS Project: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Data Sources
2.1.1. Principles of SNP Selection
2.1.2. Data Sources for Vitamin D Levels and SNP Selection
2.1.3. Data Sources for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and SNP Selection
2.1.4. Data Sources for Vitamin D Deficiency and SNP Selection
2.2. Statistical Power (R2 and F Value)
2.3. Mendelian Randomization Analysis
2.4. Sensitivity Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Instrumental Variables
3.2. The Effect of Vitamin D on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
3.3. The Effect of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus on Vitamin D
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bai, Y.; Wang, X.; Xu, Y.; Jiang, C.; Liu, H.; Xu, Z.; Shen, J.; Zhang, X.; Zhang, Q.; Du, Y. Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the IEU OpenGWAS Project: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2836. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172836
Bai Y, Wang X, Xu Y, Jiang C, Liu H, Xu Z, Shen J, Zhang X, Zhang Q, Du Y. Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the IEU OpenGWAS Project: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Nutrients. 2024; 16(17):2836. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172836
Chicago/Turabian StyleBai, Yuxuan, Xiaoxiao Wang, Yaxuan Xu, Chang Jiang, Haoran Liu, Zixiu Xu, Jinping Shen, Xumei Zhang, Qiang Zhang, and Yue Du. 2024. "Vitamin D and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in the IEU OpenGWAS Project: A Two-Sample Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study" Nutrients 16, no. 17: 2836. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172836