From Struggle to Strength: A Multicentric Study on How Public Policies for Celiac Disease Transform Lives
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Data Collection and Screening Processes
2.3. Data Standardization and Quantitative Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Studies Characteristics
3.2. Public Policies for Celiac Disease Score (PPCDS)
3.3. Association between HRQoL and PP
4. Discussion
4.1. Insights on HRQoL Analysis
4.2. Public Policies for Celiac Disease Score (PPCDS)
4.3. Association between HRQoL and PPs
4.4. Study Limitations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Year | n | PPCDS | CDQ | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emotion | Social | Worries | Gastrointestinal | Total | ||||
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||||
Argentina [34] | 2020 | 171 | 6 | 26.07 (10.38) | 35.80 (9.25) | 28.82 (10.11) | 33.77 (9.24) | 124.14 (32.44) |
Australia [35] | 2020 | 45 | 6 | 32.90 (0.99) | 41.00 (6.12) | 39.80 (0.79) | 33.00 (0.88) | 147.00 (3.31) |
Brazil [36] | 2018 | 450 | 4 | 27.06 (10.08) | 34.67 (7.08) | 31.17 (8.54) | 35.17 (6.23) | 128.06 (27.08) |
Brazil [37] | 2021 | 674 | 4 | 34.81 (8.42) | 25.82 (8.87) | 34.86 (10.25) | 29.77 (10.75) | 125.26 (32.02) |
France [38] | 2014 | 211 | 6 | 29.55 (9.20) | 38.75 (9.91) | 34.43 (9.62) | 35.98 (8.07) | 138.71 (30.91) |
France [21] | 2022 | 787 | 6 | 33.46 (8.82) | 41.44 (8.40) | 36.82 (8.82) | 38.92 (7.98) | 150.64 (20.16) |
Germany [44] | 2007 | 446 | 3 | 32.30 (8.50) | 42.40 (7.10) | 37.00 (8.80) | 39.30 (7.10) | 151.10 (25.20) |
Iran [39] | 2018 | 81 | 1 | 27.64 (10.81) | 29.37 (10.72) | 27.11 (10.38) | 35.06 (9.76) | 119.18 (34.00) |
Italy [19] | 2011 | 187 | 5 | 32.92 (7.62) | 42.09 (6.75) | 40.24 (51.34) | 39.31 (5.82) | 154.53 (20.86) |
Italy [3] | 2013 | 171 | 6 | 34.00 (8.00) | 43.00 (7.00) | 40.00 (8.00) | 41.00 (7.00) | 159.00 (24.00) |
Morocco [40] | 2022 | 112 | 2 | 26.23 (4.68) | 31.76 (9.69) | 25.03 (8.36) | 34.67 (6.72) | 117.73 (24.61) |
Portugal [41] | 2023 | 234 | 6 | 28.35 (7.60) | 23.03 (9.53) | 26.77 (8.78) | 25.12 (8.81) | 103.28 (31.15) |
Spain [42] | 2022 | 92 | 6 | 27.48 (4.78) | 40.23 (5.84) | 30.79 (5.72) | 32.53 (7.76) | 131.03 (24.10) |
Turkey [43] | 2015 | 205 | 4 | 28.60 (9.00) | 34.00 (8.10) | 28.00 (8.50) | 34.20 (8.30) | 124.80 (28.10) |
United Kingdom [1] | 2021 | 116 | 6 | 34.20 (5.57) | 44.10 (6.32) | 40.40 (6.78) | 37.85 (7.63) | 156.55 (21.77) |
Yes | No | p 2 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean (SD) 1 | Mean (SD) 1 | |||
Regulations concerning industrial food products | n | 3789 | 193 | |
Emotion | 31.54 (8.60) | 26.82 (7.85) | 0.000 | |
Social | 36.18 (8.11) | 30.76 (10.13) | 0.000 | |
Worries | 34.54 (14.33) | 25.90 (9.26) | 0.000 | |
Gastrointestinal | 35.24 (8.20) | 34.83 (8.13) | 0.496 | |
Total | 137.55 (26.58) | 118.34 (28.92) | 0.000 | |
Regulations relating to meals | n | 2951 | 1031 | |
Emotion | 31.54 (8.65) | 30.65 (8.32) | 0.003 | |
Social | 35.01 (8.34) | 38.49 (7.88) | 0.000 | |
Worries | 34.26 (8.99) | 33.72 (23.24) | 0.466 | |
Gastrointestinal | 34.44 (8.48) | 37.45 (7.34) | 0.000 | |
Total | 135.31 (27.00) | 140.36 (25.79) | 0.000 | |
Specialized health | n | 3901 | 81 | |
service support | Emotion | 31.39 (8.51) | 27.64 (10.88) | 0.003 |
Social | 36.05 (8.16) | 29.37 (10.79) | 0.000 | |
Worries | 34.27 (14.20) | 27.11 (10.45) | 0.000 | |
Gastrointestinal | 35.23 (8.16) | 35.06 (9.82) | 0.880 | |
Total | 136.98 (26.52) | 119.18 (34.21) | 0.000 | |
Food allowance and/or | n | 2014 | 1968 | |
financial incentive | Emotion | 31.58 (8.28) | 31.04 (8.84) | 0.046 |
Social | 38.82 (8.28) | 32.94 (8.16) | 0.000 | |
Worries | 35.31 (17.63) | 32.91 (9.27) | 0.000 | |
Gastrointestinal | 36.30 (7.82) | 34.12 (8.57) | 0.000 | |
Total | 142.07 (24.54) | 131.03 (28.73) | 0.000 | |
Gluten-free certification for manufactured meals | n | 2219 | 1763 | |
Emotion | 31.31 (8.35) | 31.32 (8.86) | 0.954 | |
Social | 38.38 (8.26) | 32.81 (8.30) | 0.000 | |
Worries | 34.63 (16.99) | 33.48 (9.44) | 0.007 | |
Gastrointestinal | 36.10 (7.87) | 34.11 (8.66) | 0.000 | |
Total | 140.48 (24.88) | 131.75 (29.05) | 0.000 | |
Celiac disease | n | 3982 | 0 | |
Associations 3 | Emotion | 31.31 (8.56) | - | - |
Social | 35.91 (8.22) | - | - | |
Worries | 34.12 (14.13) | - | - | |
Gastrointestinal | 35.22 (8.20) | - | - | |
Total | 136.61 (26.69) | - | - |
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Falcomer, A.L.; Pratesi, C.B.; Nakano, E.Y.; Chaves, C.; Rostami-Nejad, M.; Guennouni, M.; Aksan, A.; Pouchot, J.; Häuser, W.; Zandonadi, R.P. From Struggle to Strength: A Multicentric Study on How Public Policies for Celiac Disease Transform Lives. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172855
Falcomer AL, Pratesi CB, Nakano EY, Chaves C, Rostami-Nejad M, Guennouni M, Aksan A, Pouchot J, Häuser W, Zandonadi RP. From Struggle to Strength: A Multicentric Study on How Public Policies for Celiac Disease Transform Lives. Nutrients. 2024; 16(17):2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172855
Chicago/Turabian StyleFalcomer, Ana Luísa, Claudia B. Pratesi, Eduardo Yoshio Nakano, Cláudia Chaves, Mohammad Rostami-Nejad, Morad Guennouni, Ayşegül Aksan, Jacques Pouchot, Winfried Häuser, and Renata Puppin Zandonadi. 2024. "From Struggle to Strength: A Multicentric Study on How Public Policies for Celiac Disease Transform Lives" Nutrients 16, no. 17: 2855. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172855