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Characteristics, Physiopathology and Management of Dyslipidemias in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review
by
Elena Formisano
Elena Formisano 1,2
,
Elisa Proietti
Elisa Proietti 1
,
Giuseppina Perrone
Giuseppina Perrone 3,
Valentina Demarco
Valentina Demarco 3,
Paola Galoppi
Paola Galoppi 3
,
Claudia Stefanutti
Claudia Stefanutti 4 and
Livia Pisciotta
Livia Pisciotta 1,2,*
1
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy
2
Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Policlinic Hospital San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
3
Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Umberto I Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
4
Department of Molecular Medicine, Extracorporeal Therapeutic Techniques Unit, Lipid Clinic and Atherosclerosis Prevention Centre, Regional Centre for Rare Diseases, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Umberto I Hospital Umberto I Hospital, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(17), 2927; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172927 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 26 July 2024
/
Revised: 28 August 2024
/
Accepted: 30 August 2024
/
Published: 1 September 2024
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a significant risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). During pregnancy, physiological changes elevate cholesterol and triglyceride levels to support fetal development, which can exacerbate pre-existing conditions and lead to complications such as pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, and increased ASCVD risk for both mother and child. Effective management strategies are necessary, especially for pregnant women with inherited forms of dyslipidemia (i.e., familial hypertriglyceridemia, hyperchylomicronemia), where personalized dietary adjustments are crucial for successful pregnancy outcomes. Pharmacological interventions and lipoprotein apheresis may be necessary for severe cases, though their use is often limited by factors such as cost, availability, and potential fetal risks. Despite the promise of advanced therapies, their widespread application remains constrained by limited studies and high costs. Thus, a personalized, multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimizing outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current strategies and evidence-based practices for managing dyslipidemia during pregnancy, emphasizing the balance of maternal and fetal health. Additionally, it discusses the physiological changes in lipid metabolism during pregnancy and their implications, particularly for women with inherited forms of dyslipidemia.
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MDPI and ACS Style
Formisano, E.; Proietti, E.; Perrone, G.; Demarco, V.; Galoppi, P.; Stefanutti, C.; Pisciotta, L.
Characteristics, Physiopathology and Management of Dyslipidemias in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024, 16, 2927.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172927
AMA Style
Formisano E, Proietti E, Perrone G, Demarco V, Galoppi P, Stefanutti C, Pisciotta L.
Characteristics, Physiopathology and Management of Dyslipidemias in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2024; 16(17):2927.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172927
Chicago/Turabian Style
Formisano, Elena, Elisa Proietti, Giuseppina Perrone, Valentina Demarco, Paola Galoppi, Claudia Stefanutti, and Livia Pisciotta.
2024. "Characteristics, Physiopathology and Management of Dyslipidemias in Pregnancy: A Narrative Review" Nutrients 16, no. 17: 2927.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16172927
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