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Article

Associations of Advanced Glycation End Products with Sleep Disorders in Chinese Adults

1
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
2
Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
3
Department of Non-Communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen 518054, China
4
CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
5
School of Food and Drug, Shenzhen Polytechnic University, Shenzhen 518055, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2024, 16(19), 3282; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193282 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 1 September 2024 / Revised: 25 September 2024 / Accepted: 27 September 2024 / Published: 27 September 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Nutrition and Metabolism)

Abstract

Background: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), a group of food processing byproducts, have been implicated in the development of various diseases. However, the relationship between circulating AGEs and sleep disorders remains uncertain. Methods: This cross-sectional study elucidated the association of plasma AGEs with sleep disorders among 1732 Chinese adults who participated in the initial visit (2019–2020) of the Tongji–Shenzhen Cohort (TJSZC). Sleep behavior was assessed using self-reported questionnaires and precise accelerometers. Plasma levels of AGEs, including Nε-(Carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), Nε-(Carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), and Nδ-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolone-2-yl)-ornithine (MG-H1), were quantified by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Results: In logistic regression, per IQR increment in individual AGEs was associated with an increased odds ratio of short sleep duration (CML: 1.11 [1.00, 1.23]; CEL: 1.16, [1.04, 1.30]), poor sleep quality (CML: 1.33 [1.10, 1.60]; CEL: 1.53, [1.17, 2.00]; MG-H1: 1.61 [1.25, 2.07]), excessive daytime sleepiness (CML: 1.33 [1.11, 1.60]; MG-H1: 1.39 [1.09, 1.77]), and insomnia (CML: 1.29 [1.05, 1.59]). Furthermore, in weighted quantile sum regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression analyses, elevated overall exposure levels of plasma AGEs were associated with an increased risk of sleep disorders, including short sleep duration, poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia, with CML being identified as the leading contributor. Insufficient vegetable intake and higher dietary fat intake was associated with an increase in plasma CEL. Conclusions: These findings support a significant association between plasma AGEs and sleep disorders, indicating that AGEs may adversely influence sleep health and reducing the intake of AGEs may facilitate preventing and ameliorating sleep disorders.
Keywords: advanced glycation end products; Maillard reaction; UPLC-MS/MS; sleep duration; sleep quality; sleep disorders; actigraphy advanced glycation end products; Maillard reaction; UPLC-MS/MS; sleep duration; sleep quality; sleep disorders; actigraphy

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, L.; Guo, J.; Liang, X.; Huang, Y.; Wang, Q.; Luo, Y.; King, L.; Chen, L.; Peng, X.; Yan, H.; et al. Associations of Advanced Glycation End Products with Sleep Disorders in Chinese Adults. Nutrients 2024, 16, 3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193282

AMA Style

Li L, Guo J, Liang X, Huang Y, Wang Q, Luo Y, King L, Chen L, Peng X, Yan H, et al. Associations of Advanced Glycation End Products with Sleep Disorders in Chinese Adults. Nutrients. 2024; 16(19):3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193282

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Linyan, Jianhe Guo, Xiaoling Liang, Yue Huang, Qiang Wang, Yuxi Luo, Lei King, Liangkai Chen, Xiaolin Peng, Hong Yan, and et al. 2024. "Associations of Advanced Glycation End Products with Sleep Disorders in Chinese Adults" Nutrients 16, no. 19: 3282. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16193282

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