Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study

Wang, Yuhua; Tian, Fei; Qian, Zhengmin (Min); Ran, Shanshan; Zhang, Jingyi; Wang, Chongjian; Chen, Lan; Zheng, Dashan; Vaughn, Michael G.; Tabet, Maya; Lin, Hualiang

doi:10.3390/nu16203553

Open AccessArticle

Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study

by

Yuhua Wang

^1,†,

Fei Tian

^1,†,

Zhengmin (Min) Qian

²,

Shanshan Ran

¹,

Jingyi Zhang

¹,

Chongjian Wang

³,

Lan Chen

¹,

Dashan Zheng

¹,

Michael G. Vaughn

⁴,

Maya Tabet

⁵ and

Hualiang Lin

^1,*

¹

Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China

²

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College for Public Health & Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63104, USA

³

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

⁴

School of Social Work, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63103, USA

⁵

College of Global Population Health, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work.

Nutrients 2024, 16(20), 3553; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203553

Submission received: 12 September 2024 / Revised: 16 October 2024 / Accepted: 17 October 2024 / Published: 19 October 2024

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Metabolites, and Human Health — 2nd Edition)

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Our study identified 123 metabolites in order to establish the metabolic signature to reflect healthy lifestyle.
A healthy lifestyle-related metabolic signature could potentially reduce the risk of CVD.
Healthy lifestyle–CVD association could be mediated by the metabolic signature, and its proportion was 20%.

Abstract

Background: Although healthy lifestyle has been linked with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the potential metabolic mechanism underlying this association remains unknown. Methods: We included 161,018 CVD-free participants from the UK Biobank. Elastic net regression was utilized to generate a healthy lifestyle-related metabolic signature. The Cox proportional hazards model was applied to investigate associations of lifestyle-related metabolic signature with incident CVDs, and mediation analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential mediating role of metabolic profile on the healthy lifestyle-CVD association. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to detect the causality. Results: During 13 years of follow-up, 17,030 participants developed incident CVDs. A healthy lifestyle-related metabolic signature comprising 123 metabolites was established, and it was inversely associated with CVDs. The hazard ratio (HR) was 0.83 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81, 0.84) for CVD, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.84) for ischemic heart disease (IHD), 0.86 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.90) for stroke, 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82, 0.89) for myocardial infarction (MI), and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.77) for heart failure (HF) per standard deviation increase in the metabolic signature. The metabolic signature accounted for 20% of the association between healthy lifestyle score and CVD. Moreover, MR showed a potential causal association between the metabolic signature and stroke. Conclusions: Our study revealed a potential link between a healthy lifestyle, metabolic signatures, and CVD. This connection suggests that identifying an individual’s metabolic status and implementing lifestyle modifications may provide novel insights into the prevention of CVD.

Keywords: metabolic signature; CVD; healthy lifestyle; Mendelian randomization

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Y.; Tian, F.; Qian, Z.; Ran, S.; Zhang, J.; Wang, C.; Chen, L.; Zheng, D.; Vaughn, M.G.; Tabet, M.; et al. Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients 2024, 16, 3553. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203553

AMA Style

Wang Y, Tian F, Qian Z, Ran S, Zhang J, Wang C, Chen L, Zheng D, Vaughn MG, Tabet M, et al. Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients. 2024; 16(20):3553. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203553

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Yuhua, Fei Tian, Zhengmin (Min) Qian, Shanshan Ran, Jingyi Zhang, Chongjian Wang, Lan Chen, Dashan Zheng, Michael G. Vaughn, Maya Tabet, and et al. 2024. "Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study" Nutrients 16, no. 20: 3553. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203553

APA Style

Wang, Y., Tian, F., Qian, Z., Ran, S., Zhang, J., Wang, C., Chen, L., Zheng, D., Vaughn, M. G., Tabet, M., & Lin, H. (2024). Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study. Nutrients, 16(20), 3553. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16203553

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Healthy Lifestyle, Metabolic Signature, and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Study

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