Hormonal and Thirst Modulated Maintenance of Fluid Balance in Young Women with Different Levels of Habitual Fluid Consumption
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Subject Screening and Selection
2.2. Study Design
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Full Sample Fluid Intake
3.2. Treatment Fluid Intake
3.3. Hydration Markers
3.4. Hormone Response
3.5. Perception of Thirst
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Baseline: 2 Days Ad Libitum (Days 1–2, 2–3) a | Treatment: 4 Days Modified TWI (Days 3–4, 4–5, 5–6, 6–7) a | Recovery: 1 Day Ad Libitum (Days 7–8) b | |
---|---|---|---|
HIGH (n = 14) | 3.2 ± 0.6 *,† | 2.0 ± 0.2 *,† | 3.2 ± 0.9 |
LOW (n = 14) | 1.6 ± 0.4 *,† | 3.5 ± 0.1 *,† | 1.7 ± 0.5 |
Variable | Group | Total Water Intake | |
---|---|---|---|
3.2–3.5 L·Day−1 | 1.6–2.0 L·Day−1 | ||
24 h Urine Volume (L·day−1) *,† | HIGH | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.2 ‡,§ |
LOW | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.3 ‡,§ | |
Urine Osmolality (mOsm·kg−1) *,† | HIGH | 392 ± 129 § | 592 ± 222 ‡,§ |
LOW | 274 ± 60 § | 766 ± 210 ‡,§ | |
Serum Osmolality (mOsm·kg−1) | HIGH | 293 ± 3 | 294 ± 2 |
LOW | 293 ± 2 | 295 ± 4 |
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Johnson, E.C.; Muñoz, C.X.; Jimenez, L.; Le Bellego, L.; Kupchak, B.R.; Kraemer, W.J.; Casa, D.J.; Maresh, C.M.; Armstrong, L.E. Hormonal and Thirst Modulated Maintenance of Fluid Balance in Young Women with Different Levels of Habitual Fluid Consumption. Nutrients 2016, 8, 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8050302
Johnson EC, Muñoz CX, Jimenez L, Le Bellego L, Kupchak BR, Kraemer WJ, Casa DJ, Maresh CM, Armstrong LE. Hormonal and Thirst Modulated Maintenance of Fluid Balance in Young Women with Different Levels of Habitual Fluid Consumption. Nutrients. 2016; 8(5):302. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8050302
Chicago/Turabian StyleJohnson, Evan C., Colleen X. Muñoz, Liliana Jimenez, Laurent Le Bellego, Brian R. Kupchak, William J. Kraemer, Douglas J. Casa, Carl M. Maresh, and Lawrence E. Armstrong. 2016. "Hormonal and Thirst Modulated Maintenance of Fluid Balance in Young Women with Different Levels of Habitual Fluid Consumption" Nutrients 8, no. 5: 302. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu8050302