Association of Serum Manganese Levels with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Search Strategy and Study Selection
2.2. Data Extraction and Quality Assessment
3. Results
3.1. Literature Search and Study Characteristics
3.2. Studies on Mn Levels between Patients with AD and HC
3.3. Studies on Mn Levels between Patients with MCI and HC
3.4. Studies on Mn Levels between Cognitive Impairment Individuals and HC
3.5. Studies on Mn Levels between Individuals with AD and MCI
4. Discussion
Supplementary Materials
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Studies on AD to HC | |||||||||||
AD Patients | HC Subjects | ||||||||||
Reference | Country | n | Gender | Age | Mn Concentration | Criteria for AD Diagnosis | n | Gender | Age | Mn Concentration | Method |
(% Female) | Mean ± SD (Year) | Mean ± SD (µg/L) | (% Female) | Mean ± SD (Year) | Mean ± SD (µg/L) | ||||||
Fang 1997 [32] | China | 24 | 33 | 61–87 | 42.85 + 17.03 | DSM-III | 8 | 38 | 58–72 | 50.00 + 19.78 | ICP-AES |
Molina 1998 [33] | Spain | 26 | 46 | 73.1 ± 8.2 | 1.03 + 0.68 | DSM-IV, NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 28 | 43 | 70.8 ± 7.3 | 1.31 + 0.63 | AAS |
Bocca 2005 [34] | Italy | 60 | 67 | 74.6 ± 6.4 | 0.63 + 0.22 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 44 | 25 | ≥45 | 0.65 + 0.24 | ICP-MS |
Alimonti 2007 [35] | Italy | 53 | 68 | 74.5 ± 6.5 | 0.60 + 0.08 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 124 | 35 | 44.8 ± 12.7 | 0.60 + 0.04 | ICP-MS |
Liu 2008 [36] | China | 30 | 47 | 66.2 ± 9.9 | 15.00 ± 4.00 | DSM-IV, NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 28 | 46 | 66.8 ± 8.3 | 18.00 ± 3.00 | ICP-AES |
Baum 2010 [37] | Hong Kong | 44 | 66 | 74.3 ± 8.7 | 1.18 ± 1.15 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 41 | 49 | 79.1 ± 6.0 | 0.73 ± 0.51 | ICP-MS |
Dominguez 2014 [11] | Spain | 30 | 60 | 80.9 ± 4.5 | 0.62 ± 0.35 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 30 | 57 | 74.0 ± 5.7 | 1.16 ± 0.73 | ICP-MS |
KOC 2015 [38] | Turkey | 44 | 49 | 77.7 ± 9.3 | 9.00 ± 7.50 | DSM-IV, NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 33 | 52 | 73.2 ± 10.6 | 10.00 ± 5.00 | ICP-MS |
Paglia 2016 [39] | Italy | 34 | 74 | 72.4 ± 7.5 | 0.59 ± 0.32 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 40 | 63 | 65.5 ± 6.4 | 1.24 ± 0.42 | ICP-MS |
Hare 2016 [40] | Australia | 206 | 62 | 78.0 ± 8.6 | 0.82 ± 0.25 | - | 758 | 31 | 70.0 ± 7.0 | 0.92 ± 0.70 | ICP-MS |
Studies on MCI to HC | |||||||||||
MCI Individuals | HC Subjects | ||||||||||
Reference | Country | n | Gender | Age | Mn Concentration | Criteria for AD Diagnosis | n | Gender | Age | Mn Concentration | Method |
(% Female) | Mean ± SD (Year) | Mean ± SD (µg/L) | (% Female) | Mean ± SD (Year) | Mean ± SD (µg/L) | ||||||
Dominguez 2014 [11] | Spain | 16 | 38 | 75.9 ± 5.7 | 0.57 ± 0.33 | - | 30 | 57 | 74.0 ± 5.7 | 1.16 ± 0.73 | ICP-MS |
Negahdar 2015 [41] | Iran | 120 | 50 | 74.3 ± 7.8 | 14.30 + 5.18 | - | 120 | 50 | 67.7 ± 6.9 | 13.50 + 5.30 | AAS |
Paglia 2016 [39] | Italy | 20 | 80 | 68.3 ± 7.8 | 0.91 ± 0.48 | - | 40 | 63 | 65.5 ± 6.4 | 1.24 ± 0.42 | ICP-MS |
Hare 2016 [40] | Australia | 129 | 57 | 75.7 ± 7.6 | 0.85 ± 0.37 | - | 758 | 31 | 70.0 ± 7.0 | 0.92 ± 0.70 | ICP-MS |
Studies on MCI to AD | |||||||||||
AD patients | MCI Individuals | ||||||||||
Reference | Country | n | Gender | Age | Mn Concentration | Criteria for AD Diagnosis | n | Gender | Age | Mn Concentration | Method |
(% Female) | Mean ± SD (Year) | Mean ± SD (µg/L) | (% Female) | Mean ± SD (Year) | Mean ± SD (µg/L) | ||||||
Dominguez 2014 [11] | Spain | 30 | 60 | 80.9 ± 4.5 | 0.62 ± 0.35 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 16 | 38 | 75.9 ± 5.7 | 0.57 ± 0.33 | ICP-MS |
Paglia 2016 [39] | Italy | 34 | 74 | 72.4 ± 7.5 | 0.59 ± 0.32 | NINCDS-ADRDA criteria | 20 | 80 | 68.3 ± 7.8 | 0.91 ± 0.48 | ICP-MS |
Hare 2016 [40] | Australia | 206 | 62 | 78.0 ± 8.6 | 0.82 ± 0.25 | - | 129 | 57 | 75.7 ± 7.6 | 0.85 ± 0.37 | ICP-MS |
Subgroups | n of Studies | SMD (95% CI) | I2 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
All studies | 10 | −0.39 (−0.71, −0.08) | 84.0% | 0.000 |
Methods | ||||
ICP-MS | 7 | −0.33 (−0.73, 0.06) | 88.1% | 0.000 |
ICP-AES | 2 | −0.71 (−1.16, −0.26) | 0.0% | 0.373 |
AAS | 1 | −0.43 (−0.97, 0.11) | - | - |
Geographic locations | ||||
Europe | 6 | −0.53 (−1.03, −0.04) | 86.4% | 0.000 |
Asia | 3 | −0.23 (−1.14, 0.68) | 86.8% | 0.001 |
Australia | 1 | −0.16 (−0.32, −0.01) | - | - |
Subgroups | n of Studies | SMD (95% CI) | I2 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
All studies | 14 | −0.37 (−0.60, −0.13) | 82.4% | 0.000 |
Methods | ||||
ICP-MS | 10 | −0.38 (−0.66, −0.10) | 85.0% | 0.000 |
ICP-AES | 2 | −0.71 (−1.16, −0.26) | 0.0% | 0.373 |
AAS | 2 | −0.09 (−0.64, 0.46) | 71.8% | 0.060 |
Geographic locations | ||||
Europe | 8 | −0.60 (−1.01, −0.20) | 82.8% | 0.000 |
Asia | 4 | −0.11 (−0.65, 0.43) | 81.7% | 0.001 |
Australia | 2 | −0.14 (−0.26, −0.02) | 0.0% | 0.651 |
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Du, K.; Liu, M.; Pan, Y.; Zhong, X.; Wei, M. Association of Serum Manganese Levels with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Nutrients 2017, 9, 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9030231
Du K, Liu M, Pan Y, Zhong X, Wei M. Association of Serum Manganese Levels with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis. Nutrients. 2017; 9(3):231. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9030231
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Ke, Mingyan Liu, Yanzhu Pan, Xin Zhong, and Minjie Wei. 2017. "Association of Serum Manganese Levels with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis" Nutrients 9, no. 3: 231. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9030231