4′-O-methylpyridoxine: Preparation from Ginkgo biloba Seeds and Cytotoxicity in GES-1 Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Optimization of MPN Extraction Conditions by Orthogonal Test
2.2. Inhibition of MPN at Different Concentrations on GES-1 Cells Activity
2.3. Hoechst 33342 Staining Assay
2.4. Induction of Apoptosis of GES-1 Cells by Different Concentrations of MPN
2.5. Effects of MPN at Different Concentrations on GES-1 Cells Cycle
2.6. Effects of MPN at Different Concentrations on the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential of GES-1 Cells
2.7. Effects of MPN at Different Concentrations on the Expression of Caspase 8 and Bax in GES-1 Cells
2.8. Correlation Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. Materials and Methods
5.1. Sample Preparation
5.2. Optimization of MPN Water Extraction Process
5.3. Cell Culture
5.4. Cell Viability Assay
5.5. Hoechst 33342 Stain
5.6. Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide (PI) Assay
5.7. Cell Cycle Analysis
5.8. Detection of Mitochondrial Membrane Potential
5.9. Western Blotting Analysis
5.10. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Test No. | Factors | Extraction Amount of 4′-O-methylpyridoxine (MPN) (μg/mg) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A: Temperature (°C) | B: Solid-to-Liquid Ratio (m/v) | C: Time(min) | Blank | ||
1 | 1(40) | 1(1:5) | 1(60) | 1 | 1.870 |
2 | 1 | 2(1:10) | 2(80) | 2 | 2.007 |
3 | 1 | 3(1:15) | 3(100) | 3 | 1.777 |
4 | 2(50) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1.928 |
5 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1.913 |
6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1.496 |
7 | 3(60) | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1.455 |
8 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1.376 |
9 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1.123 |
Source of Variation | Sum of Squares | Degree of Freedom | F Value | F0.05(2.2) = 19 | F0.01(2.2) = 99 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
A: Temperature | 0.545 | 2 | 109.000 | * | * * |
B: Solid-to-liquid ratio | 0.172 | 2 | 34.400 | * | |
C: Time | 0.030 | 2 | 6.000 | ||
Blank | 0.005 | 2 | 1.000 | ||
Error | 0.01 | 2 |
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Zhu, J.-P.; Gong, H.; Wu, C.-E.; Fan, G.-J.; Li, T.-T.; Wang, J.-H. 4′-O-methylpyridoxine: Preparation from Ginkgo biloba Seeds and Cytotoxicity in GES-1 Cells. Toxins 2021, 13, 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020095
Zhu J-P, Gong H, Wu C-E, Fan G-J, Li T-T, Wang J-H. 4′-O-methylpyridoxine: Preparation from Ginkgo biloba Seeds and Cytotoxicity in GES-1 Cells. Toxins. 2021; 13(2):95. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020095
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhu, Jin-Peng, Hao Gong, Cai-E Wu, Gong-Jian Fan, Ting-Ting Li, and Jia-Hong Wang. 2021. "4′-O-methylpyridoxine: Preparation from Ginkgo biloba Seeds and Cytotoxicity in GES-1 Cells" Toxins 13, no. 2: 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020095
APA StyleZhu, J. -P., Gong, H., Wu, C. -E., Fan, G. -J., Li, T. -T., & Wang, J. -H. (2021). 4′-O-methylpyridoxine: Preparation from Ginkgo biloba Seeds and Cytotoxicity in GES-1 Cells. Toxins, 13(2), 95. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins13020095