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Review

General ADP-Ribosylation Mechanism Based on the Structure of ADP-Ribosyltransferase–Substrate Complexes

1
Faculty of Life Sciences, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 6038555, Japan
2
Faculty of Sciences, Japan Women’s University, Tokyo 1120015, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Toxins 2024, 16(7), 313; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16070313
Submission received: 5 June 2024 / Revised: 6 July 2024 / Accepted: 9 July 2024 / Published: 11 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue ADP-Ribosylation and Beyond)

Abstract

ADP-ribosylation is a ubiquitous modification of proteins and other targets, such as nucleic acids, that regulates various cellular functions in all kingdoms of life. Furthermore, these ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTs) modify a variety of substrates and atoms. It has been almost 60 years since ADP-ribosylation was discovered. Various ART structures have been revealed with cofactors (NAD+ or NAD+ analog). However, we still do not know the molecular mechanisms of ART. It needs to be better understood how ART specifies the target amino acids or bases. For this purpose, more information is needed about the tripartite complex structures of ART, the cofactors, and the substrates. The tripartite complex is essential to understand the mechanism of ADP-ribosyltransferase. This review updates the general ADP-ribosylation mechanism based on ART tripartite complex structures.
Keywords: ADP-ribosylation; ADP-ribosyltransferase; complex; substrate recognition ADP-ribosylation; ADP-ribosyltransferase; complex; substrate recognition

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MDPI and ACS Style

Tsuge, H.; Habuka, N.; Yoshida, T. General ADP-Ribosylation Mechanism Based on the Structure of ADP-Ribosyltransferase–Substrate Complexes. Toxins 2024, 16, 313. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16070313

AMA Style

Tsuge H, Habuka N, Yoshida T. General ADP-Ribosylation Mechanism Based on the Structure of ADP-Ribosyltransferase–Substrate Complexes. Toxins. 2024; 16(7):313. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16070313

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tsuge, Hideaki, Noriyuki Habuka, and Toru Yoshida. 2024. "General ADP-Ribosylation Mechanism Based on the Structure of ADP-Ribosyltransferase–Substrate Complexes" Toxins 16, no. 7: 313. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16070313

APA Style

Tsuge, H., Habuka, N., & Yoshida, T. (2024). General ADP-Ribosylation Mechanism Based on the Structure of ADP-Ribosyltransferase–Substrate Complexes. Toxins, 16(7), 313. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16070313

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