A Cancer-Favoring, Engineered Vaccinia Virus for Cholangiocarcinoma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Cancer-Favoring, Evolutionarily-Engineered Vaccinia Virus
2.2. High Replication Efficacy of the CVV in CCA Cell Lines and Tumors
2.3. Oncolytic Efficacy of the CVV Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drugs In Vitro
2.4. High Expression of Stemness Markers in CCA Cell Lines
2.5. The Effect of pH on CCA Cell Lines
2.6. Alkaline pH Favors CVV Infection in the CCA Cell Line
2.7. Therapeutic Efficacy of CVV in the Xenograft Model
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Cell Culture and Virus
4.2. Replication Efficacy Assay
4.3. WST-1 Assay
4.4. Cells Culturing in pH-Adjusted Media
4.5. Real-Time PCR Assay
4.6. Animal Study
4.7. H&E staining and TUNEL Assay
4.8. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yoo, S.Y.; Badrinath, N.; Lee, H.L.; Heo, J.; Kang, D.-H. A Cancer-Favoring, Engineered Vaccinia Virus for Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers 2019, 11, 1667. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111667
Yoo SY, Badrinath N, Lee HL, Heo J, Kang D-H. A Cancer-Favoring, Engineered Vaccinia Virus for Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers. 2019; 11(11):1667. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111667
Chicago/Turabian StyleYoo, So Young, Narayanasamy Badrinath, Hye Lim Lee, Jeong Heo, and Dae-Hwan Kang. 2019. "A Cancer-Favoring, Engineered Vaccinia Virus for Cholangiocarcinoma" Cancers 11, no. 11: 1667. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111667