Multifunctional Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for the Reduction of Cancer Stem Cells
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of Functionalized AuNCs
2.2. Chemotherapeutic Activity of Functionalized AuNCs in MCF7 Cells
2.3. Chemotherapeutic Activity of Functionalized AuNCs in MCF7 Mammospheres
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Synthesis of AuNCs
4.2. Sulfhydryl Activation of AuNCs
4.3. Functionalization of AuNCs
4.4. Quantification of Drug Functionalization
4.5. Dynamic Light Scattering Measurements
4.6. Scanning Electron Microscopy
4.7. In Vitro Doxorubicin (DOX)/SN38 Release
4.8. Cell Culture
4.9. Neutral Red Staining
4.10. Cytotoxicity Assays
4.10.1. MTT Tetrazolium Reduction Assay
4.10.2. Resazurin Reduction Assay
4.11. Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS)
4.12. Live Cell Imaging
4.13. Subcellular Localization
4.13.1. AuNCs at Short Times (3–4 h after Treatment)
4.13.2. AuNCs-DS at Long Times (24 h after Treatment)
4.14. Microscopic Detection of DNA Damage
4.15. Mammosphere Culture
4.16. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
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Latorre, A.; Latorre, A.; Castellanos, M.; Rodriguez Diaz, C.; Lazaro-Carrillo, A.; Aguado, T.; Lecea, M.; Romero-Pérez, S.; Calero, M.; Sanchez-Puelles, J.M.; et al. Multifunctional Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for the Reduction of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers 2019, 11, 969. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11070969
Latorre A, Latorre A, Castellanos M, Rodriguez Diaz C, Lazaro-Carrillo A, Aguado T, Lecea M, Romero-Pérez S, Calero M, Sanchez-Puelles JM, et al. Multifunctional Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for the Reduction of Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers. 2019; 11(7):969. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11070969
Chicago/Turabian StyleLatorre, Ana, Alfonso Latorre, Milagros Castellanos, Ciro Rodriguez Diaz, Ana Lazaro-Carrillo, Tania Aguado, Mercedes Lecea, Sonia Romero-Pérez, Macarena Calero, José María Sanchez-Puelles, and et al. 2019. "Multifunctional Albumin-Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters for the Reduction of Cancer Stem Cells" Cancers 11, no. 7: 969. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11070969