Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey in Denmark
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Participants
2.2. Missing Survey Data
2.3. Functioning
2.4. Symptom Burden
2.5. Fatigue
2.6. Global Health/Quality of Life
2.7. Comorbidity and Lifestyle
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Participants
4.2. Data Collection
4.3. Questionnaires and Additional Questions
4.4. Baseline Demographics, Confounders, and General Population Data
4.5. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Respondents (Participants) | Nonrespondents | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
ET+PV+MF+MPN-U | ET+PV-MF+MPN-U | ||
Total (n,%) | 2228 (61%) | 1428 (39%) | |
Age (mean, SD) | 70.7 (14.6) | 69.2 (12.4) | <0.001 * |
Sex (n,%) | >0.1 ** | ||
Female | 1274 (57%) | 819 (57%) | |
Male | 954 (43%) | 609 (43%) | |
Female (n,%) | <0.0001 *** | ||
20–29 years old | 6 (<1%) | 5 (<1%) | |
30–39 | 24 (2%) | 19 (2%) | |
40–49 | 75 (6%) | 54 (7%) | |
50–59 | 171 (13%) | 87 (11%) | |
60–69 | 324 (25%) | 155 (19%) | |
70–79 | 403 (32%) | 192 (23%) | |
80–89 | 238 (19%) | 226 (28%) | |
≥90 | 33 (3%) | 81 (10%) | |
Male (n,%) | 0.0019 *** | ||
20–29 years old | 4 (<1%) | 2 (<1%) | |
30–39 | 16 (2%) | 15 (3%) | |
40–49 | 46 (5%) | 44 (7%) | |
50–59 | 133 (14%) | 100 (16%) | |
60–69 | 267 (28%) | 158 (26%) | |
70–79 | 323 (34%) | 159 (26%) | |
80–89 | 150 (16%) | 107 (18%) | |
≥90 | 15 (1%) | 24 (4%) | |
Living arrangement (n,%) | <0.0001 *** | ||
Living alone | 737 (33%) | 723 (51%) | |
Living with someone | 1475 (66%) | 659 (46%) | |
Missing | 16 (1%) | 46 (3%) | |
Education (n,%) | <0.0001 *** | ||
Basic school | 677 (30%) | 610 (43%) | |
Upper secondary/ | 951 (43%) | 478 (33%) | |
vocational school | |||
Higher education | 521 (23%) | 215 (15%) | |
Missing | 79 (4%) | 125 (9%) | |
Employment (n,%) | 0.0076 *** | ||
Employed | 601 (27%) | 319 (22%) | |
Unemployed | 51 (2%) | 42 (3%) | |
Retired | 1575 (71%) | 1067 (75%) | |
Missing | 1 | 0 | |
Ethnicity (n,%) | <0.0001 *** | ||
Danish/Western | 2125 (95%) | 1264 (89%) | |
Non-Western | 87 (4%) | 118 (8%) | |
Missing | 16 (1%) | 46 (3%) | |
Duration of disease (n,%) | 0.0259 *** | ||
<1 year | 157 (7%) | 78 (6%) | |
1–4 years | 792 (36%) | 476 (33%) | |
≥5 years | 1279 (57%) | 874 (61%) | |
Comorbidity | |||
CCI (mean, SD) | 1.5 (2.0) | 1.1 (1.7) | <0.0001 *** |
CCI score (n,%) | |||
ET | |||
0 | 436 (54%) | 250 (46%) | <0.0001 *** |
1–2 | 286 (35%) | 189 (34%) | |
≥3 | 92 (11%) | 109 (20%) | |
PV | |||
0 | 435 (48%) | 245 (41%) | 0.0014 *** |
1–2 | 336 (37%) | 233 (38%) | |
≥3 | 139 (15%) | 125 (21%) | |
MF | |||
0 | 42 (51%) | 9 (23%) | 0.0024 *** |
1–2 | 21 (25%) | 12 (31%) | |
≥3 | 20 (24%) | 18 (46%) | |
MPN–U | |||
0 | 193 (46%) | 89 (37%) | 0.0009 *** |
1–2 | 171 (41%) | 86 (36%) | |
≥3 | 57 (13%) | 63 (27%) | |
MPN subtype (n,%) | 0.06 *** | ||
ET | 814 (36%) | 548 (38%) | |
PV | 910 (41%) | 603 (42%) | |
MF | 83 (4%) | 39 (3%) | |
MPN-U | 421 (19%) | 238 (17%) |
Questionnaire Scales | Questionnaire Scores Mean, SD | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
General Population | ET | p-Value * | PV | p-Value * | MF | p-Value * | MPN-U | p-Value * | p-Value ** | |
SF-36 | ||||||||||
Physical component summary measure | 47.7 (9.9) | 46.5 (9.7) | 45.0 (10.5) | 45.6 (10.0) | <0.001 | |||||
Mental component summary measure | 51.5 (9.9) | 51.3 (10.0) | 51.9 (9.3) | 50.7 (9.9) | 0.002 | |||||
EORTC QLQ C-30 | ||||||||||
Global health status/QoL | 73 (23) | 68.5 (23.9) | <0.001 | 67.1 (24.5) | <0.001 | 67.6 (26.5) | 0.036 | 64.9 (24.6) | <0.001 | 0.002 |
Functional scales | ||||||||||
physical functioning | 86 (20) | 77.2 (22.3) | <0.001 | 73.7 (22.6) | <0.001 | 70.0 (24.5) | <0.001 | 71.8 (23.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
role functioning | 84 (27) | 76.5 (28.3) | <0.001 | 75.1 (28.7) | <0.001 | 71.1 (32.7) | <0.001 | 72.4 (29.8) | <0.001 | 0.026 |
emotional functioning | 84 (19) | 79.8 (21.3) | <0.001 | 79.6 (21.1) | <0.001 | 81.5 (19.5) | 0.091 | 78.4 (21.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
cognitive functioning | 87 (20) | 79.9 (22.8) | <0.001 | 79.4 (22.5) | <0.001 | 77.4 (22.7) | <0.001 | 78.9 (21.8) | <0.001 | 0.067 |
social functioning | 90 (21) | 83.9 (24.7) | 0.010 | 83.1 (24.1) | <0.001 | 81.9 (24.3) | 0.005 | 82.7 (25.2) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Symptoms scales | ||||||||||
fatigue | 24 (23) | 34.0 (25.8) | <0.001 | 35.9 (25.5) | <0.001 | 38.5 (26.1) | <0.001 | 37.4 (25.0) | <0.001 | 0.009 |
nausea/vomiting | 3 (10) | 6.2 (13.7) | <0.001 | 6.2 (14.0) | <0.001 | 4.7 (10.9) | 0.106 | 6.0 (13.7) | <0.001 | 0.045 |
pain | 20 (26) | 22.9 (27.1) | 0.017 | 23.3 (26.5) | 0.005 | 23.0 (25.7) | >0.1 | 24.8 (28.2) | 0.006 | <0.001 |
dyspnea | 11 (21) | 20.3 (26.8) | <0.001 | 21.1 (27.0) | <0.001 | 25.1 (29.2) | <0.001 | 21.5 (27.8) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
insomnia | 21 (27) | 29.4 (31.7) | <0.001 | 30.4 (32.4) | <0.001 | 22.5 (26.7) | >0.1 | 31.1 (31.9) | <0.001 | 0.009 |
appetite loss | 7 (18) | 11.9 (23.5) | <0.001 | 13.7 (25.5) | <0.001 | 21.5 (32.5) | <0.001 | 16.6 (26.5) | <0.001 | 0.004 |
constipation | 6 (17) | 13.7 (24.6) | <0.001 | 12.3 (23.3) | <0.001 | 14.4 (23.5) | 0.001 | 12.5 (22.7) | <0.001 | >0.1 |
diarrhea | 7 (17) | 14.4 (24.4) | <0.001 | 14.4 (24.5) | <0.001 | 16.9 (25.3) | <0.001 | 14.4 (25.6) | <0.001 | 0.046 |
financial difficulties | 6 (18) | 8.1 (19.9) | 0.005 | 10.0 (23.7) | <0.001 | 12.3 (24.4) | 0.016 | 9.6 (22.4) | 0.004 | 0.008 |
MPN-SAF | Questionnaire Score Mean, SD, Prevalence% | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ET | PV | MF | MPN-U | Difference in Mean Symptom Burden between MPN Subtypes p-Value * | |
Total symptom score (TSS) | 17.5 (14.9) | 17.8 (15.1) | 16.2 (12.7) | 21.1 (16.1) | <0.001 |
fatigue (BFI score) | 2.5 (2.3) 82% | 2.6 (2.4) 82% | 2.8 (2.6) 74% | 2.8 (2.3) 87% | <0.001 |
early satiety | 2.0 (2.4) 56% | 1.7 (2.3) 53% | 2.5 (3.6) 46% | 2.1 (2.5) 56% | <0.001 |
abdominal pain | 1.2 (2.0) 36% | 0.9 (1.6) 37% | 0.9 (1.1) 55% | 1.0 (1.7) 40% | 0.021 |
abdominal discomfort | 1.9 (2.4) 53% | 1.4 (2.0) 51% | 1.4 (1.3) 64% | 1.5 (1.9) 54% | 0.004 |
inactivity | 1.9 (2.3) 54% | 1.9 (2.2) 57% | 2.1 (2.3) 73% | 2.4 (2.4) 62% | <0.001 |
headaches | 1.6 (2.3) 50% | 1.7 (2.3) 50% | 1.3 (1.8) 46% | 1.8 (2.1) 56% | 0.004 |
concentration problem | 1.9 (2.6) 49% | 2.1 (2.5) 58% | 2.5 (3.0) 64% | 2.4 (2.7) 58% | 0.011 |
dizziness | 2.0 (2.3) 60% | 2.2 (2.5) 64% | 2.0 (1.8) 73% | 2.2 (2.2) 72% | 0.002 |
numbness | 2.1 (2.8) 51% | 2.1 (2.7) 53% | 0.7 (1.2) 46% | 2.0 (2.3) 60% | 0.013 |
insomnia | 2.5 (2.8) 64% | 2.5 (2.8) 62% | 1.4 (1.7) 55% | 2.6 (2.6) 66% | <0.001 |
sad mood | 2.0 (2.4) 59% | 2.1 (2.5) 57% | 1.6 (1.7) 73% | 2.4 (2.7) 66% | <0.001 |
sexuality problems | 3.3 (3.5) 62% | 3.3 (3.3) 64% | 3.8 (3.3) 82% | 3.8 (3.9) 62% | <0.001 |
cough | 1.4 (2.2) 42% | 1.4 (2.2) 44% | 1.3 (1.8) 46% | 1.9 (2.4) 52% | <0.001 |
night sweats | 2.4 (2.7) 63% | 2.4 (2.6) 67% | 2.5 (2.5) 64% | 3.6 (3.1) 70% | 0.046 |
itching | 1.7 (2.4) 50% | 2.4 (2.9) 59% | 0.5 (1.0) 18% | 2.2 (2.7) 52% | <0.001 |
bone pain | 1.5 (2.6) 39% | 1.8 (2.6) 48% | 0.9 (1.4) 46% | 1.9 (2.5) 54% | <0.001 |
fever (>100F) | 0.4 (1.4) 17% | 0.3 (0.8) 17% | 0.2 (0.6) 9% | 0.4 (1.0) 18% | <0.001 |
unintentional weight loss last 6 months | 0.6 (1.8) 17% | 0.7 (1.7) 22% | 1.4 (2.9) 27% | 1.2 (2.4) 28% | <0.001 |
quality of life | 2.5 (2.3) 74% | 2.4 (2.2) 76% | 2.1 (1.8) 73% | 2.7 (2.2) 78% | <0.001 |
Questionnaire Scales | Questionnaire Scores Mean, SD | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ET | PV | MF | MPN_U | p-Value * | |
MFI | |||||
general fatigue | 11.5 (4.9) | 11.6 (4.9) | 12.4 (5.1) | 12.0 (4.5) | <0.001 |
physical fatigue | 11.3 (4.9) | 12.0 (4.9) | 12.2 (5.6) | 12.1 (4.6) | <0.001 |
reduced activity | 10.1 (4.7) | 10.9 (4.9) | 11.1 (5.6) | 11.2 (4.7) | <0.001 |
reduced motivation | 8.3 (3.6) | 8.8 (3.7) | 8.6 (3.9) | 8.8 (3.6) | <0.001 |
mental fatigue | 8.6 (4.2) | 8.7 (4.3) | 8.2 (4.5) | 8.9 (4.2) | <0.001 |
ET | GP | p-Value * | PV | GP | p-Value * | MF | GP | p-Value * | MPN-U | GP | p-Value * | p-Value ** | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Comorbidity (n,%) | <0.0001 | ||||||||||||
CCI = 0 | 436 (54%) | 435 (48%) | 42 (51%) | 193 (46%) | |||||||||
CCI = 1 or 2 | 286 (35%) | 336 (37%) | 21 (25%) | 171 (41%) | |||||||||
CCI ≥ 3 | 92 (11%) | 139 (15%) | 20 (24%) | 57 (13%) | |||||||||
BMI (n,%) | 0.0011 | 0.0004 | >0.1 | 0.029 | >0.1 | ||||||||
BMI < 18.5 | 19 (2%) | 400 (3%) | 24 (3%) | 383 (2%) | 2 (2%) | 27 (2%) | 14 (3%) | 234 (3%) | |||||
18.5 ≤ BMI < 25.0 | 425 (55%) | 7166 (47%) | 446 (51%) | 7580 (45%) | 39 (51%) | 702 (46%) | 208 (52%) | 3545 (45%) | |||||
25.0 ≤ BMI < 30.0 | 242 (31%) | 5460 (36%) | 285 (32%) | 6639 (39%) | 27 (35%) | 581 (38%) | 123 (31%) | 2953 (38%) | |||||
BMI ≥ 30 | 95 (12%) | 2194 (14%) | 124 (14%) | 2421 (14%) | 11 (14%) | 212 (14%) | 57 (14%) | 1127 (14%) | |||||
Missing | 33 (4%) | 31 (3%) | 4 (5%) | 19 (5%) | |||||||||
Smoking (n,%) | >0.1 | 0.05 | >0.1 | >0.1 | >0.1 | ||||||||
Yes | 152 (19%) | 2880 (19%) | 152 (17%) | 3380 (20%) | 12 (15%) | 280 (18%) | 82 (20%) | 1494 (19%) | |||||
Ex-smoker | 340 (43%) | 6203 (40%) | 409 (47%) | 7378 (42%) | 39 (49%) | 653 (42%) | 179 (44%) | 3340 (42%) | |||||
No | 301 (38%) | 6394 (41%) | 317 (36%) | 6546 (38%) | 29 (36%) | 612 (40%) | 144 (36%) | 3089 (39%) | |||||
Missing | 21 (3%) | 32 (4%) | 3 (4%) | 16 (4%) | |||||||||
Alcohol (n,%) | >0.1 | 0.01 | >0.1 | 0.0017 | 0.0314 | ||||||||
units ≤ 7 | 461 (64%) | 7328 (61%) | 518 (63%) | 7811 (57%) | 41 (58%) | 691 (58%) | 263 (71%) | 3710 (62%) | |||||
8 ≤ units ≤ 14 | 154 (21%) | 2585 (22%) | 161 (20%) | 3130 (23%) | 16 (23%) | 273 (23%) | 53 (15%) | 1292 (21%) | |||||
15 ≤ units ≤ 21 | 62 (9%) | 1036 (9%) | 66 (8%) | 1307 (10%) | 4 (5%) | 110 (9%) | 27 (7%) | 527 (9%) | |||||
22 ≤ units | 47 (6%) | 983 (8%) | 76 (9%) | 1340 (10%) | 10 (14%) | 118 (10%) | 26 (7%) | 507 (8%) | |||||
Missing | 90 (11%) | 89 (10%) | 12 (14%) | 52 (12%) | |||||||||
Physical activity (n,%) | <0.0001 | <0.0001 | 0.004 | <0.0001 | 0.0032 | ||||||||
Hard training and | 53 (7%) | 187 (1%) | 37 (4%) | 177 (1%) | 0 | 27 (2%) | 16 (4%) | 84 (1%) | |||||
competitive sports | |||||||||||||
several times a week | |||||||||||||
Training, heavy garden work | 168 (21%) | 2230 (15%) | 181 (21%) | 2500 (15%) | 16 (23%) | 219 (14%) | 67 (17%) | 1012 (13%) | |||||
or similar ≥ 4 times a week | |||||||||||||
Walk, bicycle, light garden | 377 (49%) | 9251 (61%) | 423 (50%) | 10368 (61%) | 27 (38%) | 882 (58%) | 195 (50%) | 4728 (60%) | |||||
work or similar≥ 4 times | |||||||||||||
a week | |||||||||||||
Read, watch TV, or | 177 (23%) | 3559 (23%) | 210 (25%) | 4031 (23%) | 28 (39%) | 403 (26%) | 114 (29%) | 2006 (26%) | |||||
other sedentary work | |||||||||||||
Missing | 39 (5%) | 59 (6%) | 12 (14%) | 29 (7%) |
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Brochmann, N.; Flachs, E.M.; Christensen, A.I.; Bak, M.; Andersen, C.L.; Juel, K.; Zwisler, A.-D. Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey in Denmark. Cancers 2020, 12, 3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123565
Brochmann N, Flachs EM, Christensen AI, Bak M, Andersen CL, Juel K, Zwisler A-D. Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey in Denmark. Cancers. 2020; 12(12):3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123565
Chicago/Turabian StyleBrochmann, Nana, Esben Meulengracht Flachs, Anne Illemann Christensen, Marie Bak, Christen Lykkegaard Andersen, Knud Juel, and Ann-Dorthe Zwisler. 2020. "Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Nationwide Population-Based Survey in Denmark" Cancers 12, no. 12: 3565. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12123565