Uncommon Site of Metastasis and Prolonged Survival in Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
- Full text papers;
- Available abstracts;
- Papers written in English;
- Clinical studies, reviews and case reports related to a prolonged survival compared to the literature data;
- Clinical studies, reviews and case reports related to uncommon sites of metastasis compared to the literature data;
- Clinical studies, reviews and case reports on survival prognostic and predictive factors.
- Pediatric or pregnancy patients;
- Interim reports;
- About differentiated thyroid carcinomas;
- Non-anaplastic thyroid carcinomas;
- Molecular studies;
- Preclinical studies;
- Non-English written language;
- No full text;
- Non uncommon site of metastasis;
- Management of ATC.
Case Description
3. Results
3.1. Prognostic Factors
3.2. Unusual Metastatic Sites
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Articles | Stage | Treatment | Evidence | Risk Factors | Median Survival |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stenman (2020) [10] | Locally advanced | CT/RT->CH | Case Report | BRAF neg, P53 pos, PDL1 80%, Ki67 30% | 12 mos |
Kanazawa (2019) [11] | Locally advanced | CH->RT and Radioactive Iodine | Case Report | Ki 67 < 30%, PI = 0 | 84 mos |
Uğurlu (2018) [12] | Early | CH->RT | Case Report | No (encapsulated and early stage) | 72 mos |
Ito (2003) [13] | T4aN0 | CH | Case Report | No (encapsulated) | 57 mos |
Dibelius (2014) [14] | Early | CH | Case Report | No (Not invasive) | 14 mos |
Lowe (2014) [15] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (20 pts) | Various | 6 mos (range 1–11 mos) |
Siironen (2010) [16] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (44 pts) | Various | 11.6 mos |
Kurukahvecioglu (2007) [17] | Locally advanced | CH | Case Report | P53 and Ki 67 pos, soft tissue involvement | 36 mos |
Busnardo (2000) [18] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (39 pts) | Various | 5.7 mos |
Derbel (2011) [19] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (44 pts) | Various | 8 mos |
Haddad (2005) [20] | Locally advanced | CH->CT/RT | Case Report | Extracapsular, positive margins | 24 mos |
Liu (2006) [21] | Locally advanced | CH | Case Report | Extracapsular | 240 mos |
Dumke (2014) [22] | Local or locoregional | Multimodality | Retrospective (40 pts) | Various | 10.5 mos |
Guimaraes (2000) [23] | Early | CH | Case Report | Extracapsular foci of ATC | 35 mos |
Sugitani (2001–2012–2018) [10,11,12] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (47 pts) | Positive/Negative risk factors | >6 mos/<6 mos |
Yau (2008) [24] | Locally advanced | CH-> RT | Retrospective (50 pts) | <65 y, N0, M0, papillary carcinoma | 3 mos (rage 4 days–16 years) |
De Crevoisier (2004) [25] | Locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (30 pts) | Various | 10 mos |
Swaak-Kragten (2009) [26] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (75 pts) | Various | 2.9 mos (0–119 mos) |
Sherman (2011) [27] | Local/locoregional | Multimodality | Retrospective (37 pts) | Various | 6 mos |
Liu (2016) [28] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (50 pts) | Various | 24 mos (range 24–48 mos) |
Brignardello (2014) [29] | Local/locoregional | Multimodality | Retrospective (55 pts) | Various | 6.57 mos |
Sun (2013) [30] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (60 pts) | Various | 8 mos |
Palestini (2010) [31] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (20 pts) | Various | 8 mos (range 3–28 mos) |
Roche (2010) [32] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (26 pts) | Various | 4 mos |
Baek (2017) [33] | Local/locoregional and M+ | Multimodality | Retrospective (329 pts) | Various | 8 mos |
Articles | Age | Stage | M+ | Treatment | Evidence | Risk Factors | Survival |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Danialan (2016) [54] | 65 y | Locally advanced | Lung skin | CH->RT/CT+ Pazopanib+ target therapy | Case Report | BRAF pos | 9 mos |
Altinay (2014) [53] | 57 y | Advanced | Subcarinal, paratracheal, aortopulmonary, trachea-bronchial and mediastinal->skin | CT | Case Report | ND | 1 mo |
Ayaz (2015) [55] | 72 y | Advanced | Lung skin gastric | / | Case Report | ND | 1 mo |
Lim (2010) [56] | 63 y | Advanced | Skin | CT/RT | Case Report | ND | 2 mos |
Hassan (2017) [57] | 62 y | Advanced | Soft tissue | / | Case Report | ND | 1 mo |
Prognostic Factors | ||
---|---|---|
Favorable | Our Patient’s Prognostic Factors | References |
Coexisting well differentiated carcinoma | X | Salehian (2019) [45] Hirokawa (2016) [46] Dumke (2014) [22] Sugitani (2012) [35] Rao (2017) [37] Kebebew (2005) [38] Kim (2007) [39] |
Radical surgery | X | Baek (2017) [33] Yau (2008) [24] |
Tumor size < 6 cm | X | Yau (2008) [24] |
Age < 70aa | X | Baek (2017) [33] Sherman (2011) [27] |
Female gender | X | Sugitani (2012–2018) [35,36] Sherman (2011) [27] |
Leucocyte blood count < 10 × 109 | X | Sun (2013) [30] |
Platelet count < 300 ×109 | X | Sun (2013) [30] |
No nodal involvement | X | Sugitani (2012–2018) [35,36] |
Squamous cell carcinoma components | Salehian (2019) [45] Hirokawa (2016) [46] Dumke (2014) [22] | |
Concomitant chemo-radiotherapy | X | Baek (2017) [33] Kim (1987) [42] Perri (2011) [43] Derbel (2011) [19] De Crevoiser (2004) [25] Swaak-Kragten (2009) [26] Liu (2016) [28] Xia (2018) [44] Salehian (2019) [45] |
Radiotherapy > 60 Gy | X | Sherman (2011) [27] |
Unfavorable | ||
Acute symptoms | Sugitani (2001) [34] | |
Rapid tumor growth | X | Sugitani (2012) [35] Rao (2017) [37] Kebebew (2005) [38] Kim (2007) [39] |
Distant metastasis | X | Sugitani (2001) [34] Baek (2017) [33] |
Age > 60 y.o. | X | Baek (2017) [33] |
Extrathyroidal invasion | X | Baek (2017) [33] |
Giant cell and pleomorphic pattern | Baek (2017) [33] | |
Capsular invasion | X | Uğurlu,(2018) [12] |
Lymphocytic and neutrophilic infiltration | X | Salehian (2019) [45] Hirokawa (2016) [46] Dumke (2014) [22] |
TP53 mutation | Rao (2017) [37] Ubertini (2015) [50] | |
RAS mutation | X | Volante (2009) [60] Landa (2016) [37] |
BRAF mutation | Landa (2016) [49] |
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Mirabile, A.; Biafora, M.; Giordano, L.; Arrigoni, G.; Cangi, M.G.; Dell’Oca, I.; Lira Luce, F.; Di Santo, D.; Galli, A.; Tulli, M.; et al. Uncommon Site of Metastasis and Prolonged Survival in Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Cancers 2020, 12, 2585. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12092585
Mirabile A, Biafora M, Giordano L, Arrigoni G, Cangi MG, Dell’Oca I, Lira Luce F, Di Santo D, Galli A, Tulli M, et al. Uncommon Site of Metastasis and Prolonged Survival in Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Cancers. 2020; 12(9):2585. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12092585
Chicago/Turabian StyleMirabile, Aurora, Matteo Biafora, Leone Giordano, Gianluigi Arrigoni, Maria Giulia Cangi, Italo Dell’Oca, Francesca Lira Luce, Davide Di Santo, Andrea Galli, Michele Tulli, and et al. 2020. "Uncommon Site of Metastasis and Prolonged Survival in Patients with Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of the Literature" Cancers 12, no. 9: 2585. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers12092585