Trends in Tumor Site-Specific Survival of Bone Sarcomas from 1980 to 2018: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Based Study
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Population Database
2.2. Parameters Extraction
2.3. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patients Characteristics
3.2. Risk Factors for Bone Sarcomas Mortality
3.3. Changes in 5-Year CSS Rates by Age, Sex, Primary Site, Histological Type, Racial, Economic, and Geographic Categories
3.4. Associations between Time Periods and CSM in Specific Histological Type and Primary Site
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameter | Overall (n = 9178) | Osteosarcoma (n = 3049) | Chondrosarcoma (n = 2707) | Ewing sarcoma (n = 1208) | Chordoma (n = 679) | Other (n = 1535) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | ||||||
Median (quartiles) | 39 (18–61) | 22 (14–49) | 52 (38–66) | 16 (12–23) | 57 (42–70) | 54 (32–71) |
0–19 years | 2522 (27.5%) | 1390 (45.6%) | 115 (4.2%) | 813 (67.3%) | 24 (3.5%) | 180 (11.7%) |
20–39 years | 2070 (22.6%) | 682 (22.4%) | 625 (23.1%) | 308 (25.5%) | 125 (18.4%) | 330 (21.5%) |
40–59 years | 2058 (22.4%) | 431 (14.1%) | 962 (35.5%) | 65 (5.4%) | 222 (32.7%) | 378 (24.6%) |
≥60 years | 2528 (27.5%) | 546 (17.9%) | 1005 (37.1%) | 22 (1.8%) | 308 (45.4%) | 647 (42.1%) |
Sex | ||||||
Female | 4033 (43.9%) | 1351 (44.3%) | 1259 (46.5%) | 463 (38.3%) | 282 (41.5%) | 678 (44.2%) |
Male | 5145 (56.1%) | 1698 (55.7%) | 1448 (53.5%) | 745 (61.7%) | 397 (58.5%) | 857 (55.8%) |
Race | ||||||
White | 7571 (82.5%) | 2300 (75.4%) | 2374 (87.7%) | 1094 (90.6%) | 578 (85.1%) | 1225 (79.8%) |
Non-white | 1607 (17.5%) | 749 (24.6%) | 333 (12.3%) | 114 (9.4%) | 101 (14.9%) | 310 (20.2%) |
Tumor primary site | ||||||
Long bones of lower limb and associated joints | 3456 (37.7%) | 1793 (58.8%) | 842 (31.1%) | 348 (28.8%) | 1 (0.1%) | 472 (30.7%) |
Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx and associated joints | 1489 (16.2%) | 292 (9.6%) | 448 (16.5%) | 280 (23.2%) | 240 (35.3%) | 229 (14.9%) |
Long bones of upper limb, scapula, and associated joints | 995 (10.8%) | 313 (10.3%) | 425 (15.7%) | 130 (10.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 127 (8.3%) |
Bones of skull and face and associated joints | 857 (9.3%) | 187 (6.1%) | 227 (8.4%) | 39 (3.2%) | 236 (34.8%) | 168 (10.9%) |
Rib, sternum, clavicle and associated joints | 714 (7.8%) | 107 (3.5%) | 393 (14.5%) | 158 (13.1%) | 1 (0.1%) | 55 (3.6%) |
Vertebral column | 670 (7.3%) | 86 (2.8%) | 124 (4.6%) | 131 (10.8%) | 198 (29.2%) | 131 (8.5%) |
Other site | 997 (10.9%) | 271 (8.9%) | 248 (9.2%) | 122 (10.1%) | 3 (0.4%) | 353 (23.0%) |
Year of diagnosis | ||||||
1980–1989 | 1841 (20.1%) | 674 22.1%) | 469 (17.3%) | 301 (24.9%) | 100 (14.7%) | 297 (19.3%) |
1990–1999 | 2225 (24.2%) | 750 (24.6%) | 681 (25.2%) | 281 (23.3%) | 132 (19.4%) | 381 (24.8%) |
2000–2009 | 2525 (27.5%) | 786 (25.8%) | 806 (29.8%) | 314 (26.0%) | 178 (26.2%) | 441 (28.7%) |
2010–2018 | 2587 (28.2%) | 839 (27.5%) | 751 (27.7%) | 312 (25.8%) | 269 (39.6%) | 416 (27.1%) |
Decade | 1980–1989 | 1990–1999 | 2000–2009 | 2010–2018 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p | p for Trend | |
Multivariable model 1 | 1.00 | 0.74 (0.68–0.82) | <0.001 * | 0.71 (0.65–0.78) | <0.001 * | 0.68 (0.62–0.76) | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
Multivariable model 2 | - | 1.00 | 0.96 (0.87–1.05) | 0.365 | 0.93 (0.84–1.04) | 0.190 | 0.184 |
Decade | 1980–1989 | 1990–1999 | 2000–2009 | 2010–2018 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Histological Type | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | p | p for Trend | |
Multivariable model 1 | ||||||||
Osteosarcoma | 1.00 | 0.75 (0.64–0.87) | <0.001 * | 0.74 (0.63–0.86) | <0.001 * | 0.65 (0.56–0.77) | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
Chondrosarcoma | 1.00 | 0.68 (0.55–0.85) | 0.001 * | 0.77 (0.62–0.95) | 0.016 * | 0.88 (0.70–1.12) | 0.300 | 0.478 |
Ewing sarcoma | 1.00 | 0.63 (0.50–0.79) | <0.001 * | 0.53 (0.42–0.67) | <0.001 * | 0.48 (0.37–0.63) | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
Chordoma | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.59–1.22) | 0.366 | 0.65 (0.45–0.95) | 0.026 * | 0.58 (0.37–0.90) | 0.015 * | 0.005 * |
Multivariable model 2 | ||||||||
Osteosarcoma | _ | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.83–1.14) | 0.712 | 0.88 (0.74–1.05) | 0.149 | 0.153 | |
Chondrosarcoma | _ | 1.00 | 1.13 (0.91–1.40) | 0.287 | 1.34 (1.05–1.71) | 0.019 * | 0.021 * | |
Ewing sarcoma | _ | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.65–1.06) | 0.140 | 0.74 (0.56–0.99) | 0.041 * | 0.035 * | |
Chordoma | _ | 1.00 | 0.85 (0.58–1.25) | 0.409 | 0.75 (0.47–1.19) | 0.220 | 0.208 |
Decade | 1980–1989 | 1990–1999 | 2000–2009 | 2010–2018 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Primary Site | Adjusted HR | p | Adjusted HR | p | Adjusted HR | p | p for Trend | |
Multivariable model 1 | ||||||||
Long bones of lower limb and associated joints | 1.00 | 0.68 (0.58–0.79) | <0.001 * | 0.70 (0.60–0.82) | <0.001 * | 0.80 (0.68–0.95) | 0.01 * | 0.006 * |
Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx and associated joints | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.62–0.94) | 0.011 * | 0.81 (0.66–0.99) | 0.043 * | 0.65 (0.52–0.81) | <0.001 * | 0.001* |
Long bones of upper limb, scapula, and associated joints | 1.00 | 0.80 (0.59–1.07) | 0.128 | 0.68 (0.50–0.93) | 0.016 * | 0.51 (0.35–0.74) | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
Bones of skull and face and associated joints | 1.00 | 0.65 (0.45–0.94) | 0.021 * | 0.43 (0.29–0.62) | <0.001 * | 0.32 (0.21–0.51) | <0.001 * | <0.001 * |
Rib, sternum, clavicle and associated joints | 1.00 | 0.68 (0.48–0.97) | 0.033 * | 0.59 (0.41–0.86) | 0.006 * | 0.79 (0.54–1.16) | 0.226 | 0.122 |
Vertebral column | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.64–1.19) | 0.393 | 0.68 (0.49–0.94) | 0.019 * | 0.66 (0.46–0.94) | 0.022 * | 0.006 * |
Multivariable model 2 | ||||||||
Long bones of lower limb and associated joints | _ | 1.00 | 1.05 (0.89–1.24) | 0.561 | 1.22 (1.02–1.46) | 0.032 * | 0.036 * | |
Pelvic bones, sacrum, coccyx and associated joints | _ | 1.00 | 1.10 (0.90–1.36) | 0.351 | 0.88 (0.70–1.11) | 0.282 | 0.298 | |
Long bones of upper limb, scapula, and associated joints | _ | 1.00 | 0.87 (0.63–1.19) | 0.384 | 0.65 (0.44–0.95) | 0.027 * | 0.029 * | |
Bones of skull and face and associated joints | _ | 1.00 | 0.63 (0.44–0.90) | 0.012 * | 0.48 (0.31–0.75) | 0.001 * | 0.001 * | |
Rib, sternum, clavicle and associated joints | _ | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.57–1.25) | 0.396 | 1.16 (0.77–1.74) | 0.483 | 0.534 | |
Vertebral column | _ | 1.00 | 0.78 (0.56–1.09) | 0.147 | 0.76 (0.53–1.09) | 0.137 | 0.121 |
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Hu, X.; Deng, K.; Ye, H.; Sun, Z.; Huang, W.; Sun, Y.; Yan, W. Trends in Tumor Site-Specific Survival of Bone Sarcomas from 1980 to 2018: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Based Study. Cancers 2021, 13, 5381. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215381
Hu X, Deng K, Ye H, Sun Z, Huang W, Sun Y, Yan W. Trends in Tumor Site-Specific Survival of Bone Sarcomas from 1980 to 2018: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Based Study. Cancers. 2021; 13(21):5381. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215381
Chicago/Turabian StyleHu, Xianglin, Kai Deng, Hui Ye, Zhengwang Sun, Wending Huang, Yangbai Sun, and Wangjun Yan. 2021. "Trends in Tumor Site-Specific Survival of Bone Sarcomas from 1980 to 2018: A Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results-Based Study" Cancers 13, no. 21: 5381. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13215381