Dedicated Axillary MRI-Based Radiomics Analysis for the Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Patients Characteristics
2.2. Radiomics Feature Extraction and Model Development
2.3. Radiomics Subanalysis
2.4. Clinical Model Development
2.5. RQS and TRIPOD
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Patient Population
4.2. Clinical and Pathological Characteristics
4.3. MRI Acquisition
4.4. MRI Lymph Node Delineation
4.5. MRI Preprocessing and Feature Extraction
4.6. Radiomics Feature Selection and Model Development
4.7. Radiomics Subanalysis
4.8. Clinical Model Development
4.9. Statistical Analyses and Study Evaluation
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | Value |
---|---|
No. of patients | 75 |
Age (years) (median; IQR) | 61 (51–68) |
Clinical tumor size (mm) (median, IQR) | 19 (13–28) |
Clinical tumor stage (%) | |
T1 | 41 (54.7) |
T2 | 32 (42.7) |
T3 | 2 (2.6) |
Clinical nodal stage (%) | |
N0 | 68 (90.7) |
N1 | 7 (9.3) |
Tumor histology (%) | |
Invasive ductal | 55 (73.3) |
Invasive lobular | 11 (14.7) |
Mixed invasive ductal & lobular | 3 (4.0) |
Other | 6 (8.0) |
Tumor grade (%) | |
1 | 17 (22.7) |
2 | 42 (56.0) |
3 | 16 (21.3) |
Breast cancer subtype (%) | |
ER + HER2− | 55 (73.3) |
ER + HER2+ | 6 (9.0) |
ER − HER2+ | 2 (2.7) |
Triple-negative | 11 (14.7) |
Not determined | 1 (1.3) |
Axillary surgery (%) | |
SLNB | 8 (10.7) |
ALND | 67 (89.3) |
Diagnostic Parameters | Training | Validation | Training | Validation | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | |
First Strategy | ||||||||||||||||
Model 1a | Model 1b | |||||||||||||||
Minimum | 30 | 71 | 46 | 62 | 0 | 78 | 0 | 98 | 53 | 50 | 55 | 72 | 0 | 57 | 0 | 98 |
Median | 47 | 81 | 61 | 72 | 33 | 90 | 2 | 99 | 66 | 67 | 67 | 80 | 50 | 75 | 1 | 99 |
Maximum | 66 | 91 | 78 | 79 | 100 | 97 | 22 | 100 | 83 | 85 | 83 | 88 | 100 | 88 | 10 | 100 |
Second Strategy | ||||||||||||||||
Model 2a | Model 2b | |||||||||||||||
Minimum | 7 | 58 | 25 | 54 | 0 | 33 | 0 | 22 | 48 | 46 | 52 | 68 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Median | 50 | 81 | 62 | 74 | 33 | 76 | 50 | 71 | 66 | 68 | 67 | 80 | 64 | 60 | 50 | 75 |
Maximum | 74 | 93 | 80 | 83 | 82 | 100 | 100 | 88 | 82 | 92 | 90 | 89 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Diagnostic Parameters | Training | Validation | Training | Validation | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | Sens (%) | Spec (%) | PPV (%) | NPV (%) | |
First Strategy | ||||||||||||||||
Model 1a | Model 1b | |||||||||||||||
Minimum | 18 | 64 | 42 | 65 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 99 | 31 | 46 | 41 | 42 | 0 | 14 | 0 | 97 |
Median | 50 | 86 | 68 | 72 | 0 | 91 | 0 | 99 | 58 | 74 | 70 | 64 | 50 | 64 | 1 | 99 |
Maximum | 64 | 93 | 71 | 78 | 100 | 99 | 18 | 100 | 71 | 92 | 85 | 73 | 100 | 88 | 9 | 100 |
Second Strategy | ||||||||||||||||
Model 2a | Model 2b | |||||||||||||||
Minimum | 0 | 55 | 48 | 61 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 34 | 33 | 45 | 43 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
Median | 42 | 85 | 68 | 72 | 39 | 80 | 69 | 73 | 57 | 75 | 70 | 63 | 61 | 53 | 43 | 67 |
Maximum | 65 | 100 | 73 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 73 | 84 | 73 | 91 | 86 | 74 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 86 |
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Share and Cite
Samiei, S.; Granzier, R.W.Y.; Ibrahim, A.; Primakov, S.; Lobbes, M.B.I.; Beets-Tan, R.G.H.; van Nijnatten, T.J.A.; Engelen, S.M.E.; Woodruff, H.C.; Smidt, M.L. Dedicated Axillary MRI-Based Radiomics Analysis for the Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer. Cancers 2021, 13, 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040757
Samiei S, Granzier RWY, Ibrahim A, Primakov S, Lobbes MBI, Beets-Tan RGH, van Nijnatten TJA, Engelen SME, Woodruff HC, Smidt ML. Dedicated Axillary MRI-Based Radiomics Analysis for the Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer. Cancers. 2021; 13(4):757. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040757
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamiei, Sanaz, Renée W. Y. Granzier, Abdalla Ibrahim, Sergey Primakov, Marc B. I. Lobbes, Regina G. H. Beets-Tan, Thiemo J. A. van Nijnatten, Sanne M. E. Engelen, Henry C. Woodruff, and Marjolein L. Smidt. 2021. "Dedicated Axillary MRI-Based Radiomics Analysis for the Prediction of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Breast Cancer" Cancers 13, no. 4: 757. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13040757