Recent Advances and Future Prospects in Immune Checkpoint (ICI)-Based Combination Therapy for Advanced HCC
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Immune Checkpoints and the Programmed Death-1 Pathway
3. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Combinations
3.1. Anti-PD-1/L1 and Anti-CTLA-4
3.2. ICIs and TKIs/Anti-VEGFs
3.3. Anti-PD-1 and Anti-LAG3
3.4. ICI and Chemotherapy
3.5. ICI and Locoregional Therapies or Radiotherapy
4. Precision Medicine of ICI
4.1. Potential Biomarkers of Clinical Response in ICI
4.2. The Future Platform of Translational Research
4.3. The Future Development of ICI Combinations
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dong, Y.; Wong, J.S.L.; Sugimura, R.; Lam, K.-O.; Li, B.; Kwok, G.G.W.; Leung, R.; Chiu, J.W.Y.; Cheung, T.T.; Yau, T. Recent Advances and Future Prospects in Immune Checkpoint (ICI)-Based Combination Therapy for Advanced HCC. Cancers 2021, 13, 1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13081949
Dong Y, Wong JSL, Sugimura R, Lam K-O, Li B, Kwok GGW, Leung R, Chiu JWY, Cheung TT, Yau T. Recent Advances and Future Prospects in Immune Checkpoint (ICI)-Based Combination Therapy for Advanced HCC. Cancers. 2021; 13(8):1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13081949
Chicago/Turabian StyleDong, Yawen, Jeffrey Sum Lung Wong, Ryohichi Sugimura, Ka-On Lam, Bryan Li, Gerry Gin Wai Kwok, Roland Leung, Joanne Wing Yan Chiu, Tan To Cheung, and Thomas Yau. 2021. "Recent Advances and Future Prospects in Immune Checkpoint (ICI)-Based Combination Therapy for Advanced HCC" Cancers 13, no. 8: 1949. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers13081949