Sociodemographic and Medical Determinants of Quality of Life in Long-Term Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Enrolled in EORTC CLG Studies
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Design
2.2. Measures
2.3. Definitions
2.4. Data Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Participants
3.2. Gender
3.3. Age at Diagnosis
3.4. Relapse/SN
3.5. NCI Risk Group
3.6. CRT
4. Discussion
4.1. Physical Sequelae
4.2. Mental and Psychosocial Sequelae
4.3. Limitations
4.4. Clinical Implications and Future Directions
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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QoL Assessed | Total (N = 510) | ||
---|---|---|---|
No (N = 324) | Yes (N = 186) | ||
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
EORTC protocol | |||
58741 | 8 (2.5) | 17 (9.1) | 25 (4.9) |
58831/2 | 67 (20.7) | 43 (23.1) | 110 (21.6) |
58881 | 249 (76.9) | 126 (67.7) | 375 (73.5) |
Gender | |||
Male | 154 (47.5) | 77 (41.4) | 231 (45.3) |
Female | 170 (52.5) | 109 (58.6) | 279 (54.7) |
Age at diagnosis (years) | |||
<6 | 220 (67.9) | 115 (61.8) | 335 (65.7) |
≥6 | 104 (32.1) | 71 (38.2) | 175 (34.3) |
Range | 0.3–17.9 | 0.2–14.7 | 0.2–17.9 |
Mean (SD) | 5.43 (3.56) | 5.62 (3.30) | 5.50 (3.47) |
Age at follow-up (years) | |||
<18–24 | 158 (48.8) | 85 (45.7) | 243 (47.6) |
≥25 | 166 (51.2) | 101 (54.3) | 267 (52.4) |
Range | 18.1–51.1 | 18.1–52.8 | 18.1–52.8 |
Mean (SD) | 25.98 (5.60) | 27.61 (7.09) | 26.57 (6.23) |
Country | |||
Belgium | 89 (27.5) | 148 (79.6) | 237 (46.5) |
France | 235 (72.5) | 38 (20.4) | 273 (53.5) |
WBC at diagnosis (×109/L) | |||
<25 | 239 (73.8) | 125 (67.2) | 364 (71.4) |
≥25 | 85 (26.2) | 61 (32.8) | 146 (28.6) |
NCI risk group | |||
Standard Risk | 230 (71.0) | 131 (70.4) | 361 (70.8) |
High Risk | 94 (29.0) | 55 (29.6) | 149 (29.2) |
HSCT | |||
No | 298 (92.0) | 174 (93.5) | 472 (92.5) |
Yes | 26 (8.0) | 12 (6.5) | 38 (7.5) |
Relapse | |||
No | 282 (87.0) | 161 (86.6) | 443 (86.9) |
Yes | 42 (13.0) | 25 (13.4) | 67 (13.1) |
Relapse or SN | |||
No | 274 (84.6) | 151 (81.2) | 425 (83.3) |
Yes | 50 (15.4) | 35 (18.8) | 85 (16.7) |
CRT | |||
No | 292 (90.1) | 157 (84.4) | 449 (88.0) |
Yes | 32 (9.9) | 29 (15.6) | 61 (12.0) |
Endocrine disorders | |||
No | 74 (22.8) | 36 (19.4) | 110 (21.6) |
Yes | 45 (13.9) | 24 (12.9) | 69 (13.5) |
Missing | 205 (63.3) | 126 (67.7) | 331 (64.9) |
Being married or living with a partner | |||
No | 200 (61.7) | 112 (60.2) | 312 (61.2) |
Yes | 122 (37.7) | 69 (37.1) | 191 (37.5) |
Missing | 2 (0.6) | 5 (2.7) | 7 (1.4) |
University degree | |||
No | 155 (47.8) | 85 (45.7) | 240 (47.1) |
Yes | 164 (50.6) | 95 (51.1) | 259 (50.8) |
Missing | 5 (1.5) | 6 (3.2) | 11 (2.2) |
Currently working | |||
No | 124 (38.3) | 57 (30.6) | 181 (35.5) |
Yes | 197 (60.8) | 125 (67.2) | 322 (63.1) |
Missing | 3 (0.9) | 4 (2.2) | 7 (1.4) |
SF-12 | IOC-CS | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental Component Summary | Physical Component Summary | Positive Impact Subscale | Negative Impact Subscale | |||||||||
Body and Health (+) | Personal Growth (+) | Socializing (+) | Life Challenges (-) | |||||||||
Parameter | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value |
Intercept | 49.85 (1.83) | <0.0001 | 57.0 (1.31) | <0.0001 | 3.63 (0.15) | <0.0001 | 3.14 (0.23) | <0.0001 | 4.22 (0.16) | <0.0001 | 1.68 (0.14) | <0.0001 |
Gender (ref: Male) | −1.86 (1.56) | 0.24 | −1.83 (1.12) | 0.11 | −0.25 (0.13) | 0.06 | 0.18 (0.19) | 0.36 | 0.10 (0.14) | 0.49 | 0.29 (0.12) | 0.02 |
Age at follow-up (Ref: ≥25) | −2.56 (1.95) | 0.19 | −0.11 (1.40) | 0.94 | 0.16 (0.16) | 0.33 | −0.28 (0.24) | 0.24 | 0.15 (0.17) | 0.39 | 0.03 (0.15) | 0.84 |
Protocol (ref = 58881) 58741 | 0.13 (2.96) | 0.97 | −11.65(2.12) | <0.0001 | −0.27 (0.26) | 0.30 | −0.40 (0.38) | 0.29 | −0.62 (0.27) | 0.02 | 0.36 (0.23) | 0.13 |
58831/2 | −1.50 (2.30) | 0.52 | −1.15 (1.66) | 0.49 | 0.01 (0.18) | 0.94 | −0.31 (0.27) | 0.26 | −0.31 (0.19) | 0.11 | 0.19 (0.17) | 0.28 |
SF-12 | IOC-CS | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental Component Summary | Positive Impact Subscale | Negative Impact Subscale | ||||||||
Body and Health (+) | Personal Growth (+) | Socializing (+) | Life Challenges (-) | |||||||
Parameter | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value |
Intercept | 49.87 (1.86) | <0.0001 | 3.65 (0.15) | <0.0001 | 3.19 (0.23) | <0.0001 | 4.28 (0.16) | <0.0001 | 1.64 (0.14) | <0.0001 |
Age at diagnosis (Ref: ≥6) | −0.11 (1.88) | 0.95 | −0.20 (0.15) | 0.23 | −0.38 (0.22) | 0.08 | −0.50 (0.15) | 0.001 | 0.30 (0.14) | 0.03 |
Gender (ref: Male) | −1.85 (1.57) | 0.24 | −0.22 (0.13) | 0.10 | 0.22 (0.20) | 0.25 | 0.16 (0.13) | 0.25 | 0.26 (0.12) | 0.03 |
Age at follow-up (Ref: ≥25) | −2.49 (2.32) | 0.28 | 0.27 (0.19) | 0.15 | −0.04(0.27) | 0.89 | 0.46 (0.19) | 0.02 | −0.16 (0.17) | 0.35 |
Protocol (ref = 58881) 58741 | 0.16 (3.02) | 0.96 | −0.21 (0.26) | 0.43 | −0.27 (0.38) | 0.48 | −0.46 (0.27) | 0.10 | 0.27 (0.26) | 0.25 |
58831/2 | −1.45 (2.43) | 0.55 | 0.10 (0.19) | 0.68 | −0.17 (0.28) | 0.55 | −0.13 (0.20) | 0.50 | 0.08 (0.18) | 0.70 |
SF-12 | IOC-CS | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mental Component Summary | Physical Component Summary | Positive Impact Subscale | Negative Impact Subscale | |||||||||
Body and Health (+) | Personal Growth (+) | Socializing (+) | Life Challenges (-) | |||||||||
Parameter | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value | Estimate (SE) | p-Value |
Intercept | 50.29(1.84) | <0.0001 | 57.58(1.30) | <0.0001 | 3.69 (0.15) | <0.0001 | 3.06 (0.22) | <0.0001 | 4.28 (0.16) | <0.0001 | 1.63 (0.14) | <0.0001 |
Relapse or second cancer (Ref = No) | −3.09 (2.0) | 0.13 | −4.06(1.43) | 0.01 | −0.50(0.17) | 0.004 | 0.71 (0.25) | 0.01 | −0.46 (0.18) | 0.01 | 0.42 (0.16) | 0.01 |
Gender (ref: Male) | −1.78 (1.56) | 0.25 | −1.75(1.10) | 0.11 | −0.21(0.13) | 0.10 | 0.13(0.19) | 0.50 | 0.13(0.14) | 0.35 | 0.26 (0.12) | 0.03 |
Age at follow-up (Ref: ≥25) | −2.64 (1.95) | 0.18 | −0.23(1.37) | 0.87 | 0.12(0.16) | 0.45 | −0.22(0.23) | 0.34 | 0.11(0.17) | 0.50 | 0.06 (0.15) | 0.67 |
Protocol (ref = 58881) 58741 | 0.42 (2.96) | 0.89 | −11.26(2.08) | <0.0001 | −0.17(0.25) | 0.50 | −0.54(0.38) | 0.15 | −0.54(0.27) | 0.05 | 0.29 (0.23) | 0.20 |
58831/2 | −1.06 (2.31) | 0.65 | −0.65(1.63) | 0.69 | 0.05(0.18) | 0.77 | −0.36(0.27) | 0.18 | −0.28(0.19) | 0.14 | 0.16 (0.17) | 0.36 |
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Sleurs, C.; Musoro, J.; Rowsell, A.; Kicinski, M.; Suciu, S.; Chantziara, S.; Coens, C.; Pe, M.; Missotten, P.; Vandecruys, E.; et al. Sociodemographic and Medical Determinants of Quality of Life in Long-Term Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Enrolled in EORTC CLG Studies. Cancers 2022, 14, 152. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010152
Sleurs C, Musoro J, Rowsell A, Kicinski M, Suciu S, Chantziara S, Coens C, Pe M, Missotten P, Vandecruys E, et al. Sociodemographic and Medical Determinants of Quality of Life in Long-Term Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Enrolled in EORTC CLG Studies. Cancers. 2022; 14(1):152. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010152
Chicago/Turabian StyleSleurs, Charlotte, Jammbe Musoro, Ali Rowsell, Michal Kicinski, Stefan Suciu, Sofia Chantziara, Corneel Coens, Madeline Pe, Pierre Missotten, Els Vandecruys, and et al. 2022. "Sociodemographic and Medical Determinants of Quality of Life in Long-Term Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Enrolled in EORTC CLG Studies" Cancers 14, no. 1: 152. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14010152