CDK Inhibition Primes for Anti-PD-L1 Treatment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Gene Expression Data from Human Breast Cancers
2.2. Immunohistochemical Protein Profiling Data
2.3. Breast Cell Lines
2.4. Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell (PBMC) and NK Cell Isolation
2.5. In Vitro Cell Viability Assay
2.6. IncuCyte Live-Imaging Analysis
2.7. Flow Cytometric Analysis of PD-L1 Expression
2.8. In Vivo Xenograft Studies
2.9. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. The Cyclin E/CDK2 Partners Are Upregulated in Basal-like/TNBC
3.2. TNBC Cell Targeting with CDK Inhibitors
3.3. Evidence of PD-L1 Upregulation by SNS-032 Treatment In vitro and in TNBC Xenografts In Vivo
3.4. Combination of SNS-032 and Anti-PD-L1 Sequential Therapy Restricted the Growth of Orthotopically Grown TNBC in Mice Engrafted with Human Immune Cells
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Cheung, A.; Chenoweth, A.M.; Quist, J.; Sow, H.S.; Malaktou, C.; Ferro, R.; Hoffmann, R.M.; Osborn, G.; Sachouli, E.; French, E.; et al. CDK Inhibition Primes for Anti-PD-L1 Treatment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models. Cancers 2022, 14, 3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143361
Cheung A, Chenoweth AM, Quist J, Sow HS, Malaktou C, Ferro R, Hoffmann RM, Osborn G, Sachouli E, French E, et al. CDK Inhibition Primes for Anti-PD-L1 Treatment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models. Cancers. 2022; 14(14):3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143361
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheung, Anthony, Alicia M. Chenoweth, Jelmar Quist, Heng Sheng Sow, Christina Malaktou, Riccardo Ferro, Ricarda M. Hoffmann, Gabriel Osborn, Eirini Sachouli, Elise French, and et al. 2022. "CDK Inhibition Primes for Anti-PD-L1 Treatment in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Models" Cancers 14, no. 14: 3361. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14143361