Apigenin Targets MicroRNA-155, Enhances SHIP-1 Expression, and Augments Anti-Tumor Responses in Pancreatic Cancer
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cancer Cell Lines
2.2. Bioflavonoid
2.3. Cell Viability and Apoptosis Assays of Pancreatic Cancer Cells
2.4. Transfection of miR-155 Inhibitor into Pancreatic Cancer Cells
2.5. Pancreatic Cancer Murine Models
2.6. Flow Cytometry
2.7. miRNA Extraction and TaqMan miRNA Assay
2.8. RT-Quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)
2.9. Western Blot (WB)
2.10. Akoya Codex
2.11. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TGCA) Database
2.12. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. API Suppresses miR-155 Gene Expression and Inhibits the Viability of Pancreatic Cancer Cells In Vitro
3.2. Inhibition of miR-155 Decreases the Viability of PC Cells In Vitro
3.3. Concomitant API and miR-155 Inhibitor Treatment Synergistically Suppresses miR-155 and the Viability of PC Cells In Vitro
3.4. API Decreases the Production of miR-155 and This Correlates with an Increase in SHIP-1 Expression in HPC, OPC and KC-HPC Mouse Models
3.5. miR-155 Expression in SHIPKO-HPC Is Increased Compared to SHIPWT-HPC Mice
3.6. API Improves Myelopoiesis and Anti-Tumor Responses in KC-HPC Mice
3.7. Lower Survival Is Associated with High miR-155 and Low SHIP-1 Gene Expressions in PC Patients
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Qiagen miRCURY LNA miRNA Inhibitors | Sequence 5′–3′ |
---|---|
MMU-MIR-155-5P (mouse) | CCCCTATCACAATTAGCATT |
HSA-MIR-155-5P (human) | CCTATCACGATTAGCATT |
Survival Analysis Type | Time Period | Two Proportion Test p-Value |
---|---|---|
Overall survival | 10 months | 0.006 |
Disease specific | 10 months | 0.078 |
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Husain, K.; Villalobos-Ayala, K.; Laverde, V.; Vazquez, O.A.; Miller, B.; Kazim, S.; Blanck, G.; Hibbs, M.L.; Krystal, G.; Elhussin, I.; et al. Apigenin Targets MicroRNA-155, Enhances SHIP-1 Expression, and Augments Anti-Tumor Responses in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers 2022, 14, 3613. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153613
Husain K, Villalobos-Ayala K, Laverde V, Vazquez OA, Miller B, Kazim S, Blanck G, Hibbs ML, Krystal G, Elhussin I, et al. Apigenin Targets MicroRNA-155, Enhances SHIP-1 Expression, and Augments Anti-Tumor Responses in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers. 2022; 14(15):3613. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153613
Chicago/Turabian StyleHusain, Kazim, Krystal Villalobos-Ayala, Valentina Laverde, Oscar A. Vazquez, Bradley Miller, Samra Kazim, George Blanck, Margaret L. Hibbs, Gerald Krystal, Isra Elhussin, and et al. 2022. "Apigenin Targets MicroRNA-155, Enhances SHIP-1 Expression, and Augments Anti-Tumor Responses in Pancreatic Cancer" Cancers 14, no. 15: 3613. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14153613