Blood Circulating Non-Coding RNAs for the Clinical Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
1.1. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
1.2. ncRNAs
2. Circulating ncRNAs for TNBC Detection
2.1. miRNAs
2.2. lncRNA
2.3. circRNAs
3. Circulating ncRNAs for TNBC Prediction and Prognosis
3.1. miRNAs
3.2. lncRNAs
4. Conclusions and Perspectives
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Size (*-Plasma; #-Serum) | ncRNA Expression in TNBC (Method of Detection) | Validated Targets | Biological and/or Clinical Significance of ncRNA for TNBC | Diagnostic Accuracy (AUC) | Study |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
miRNA | |||||
67 TNBC 90 HC * | ↓:miRNA-16, 21, 199a-5p | miRNA-16: AKT3, PGK1 miRNA-199a-5p: GRP78 [41] | Warburg effect mediation, cyclin E regulation, endothelial cell migration miRNA-199a-5p is associated with tumor stage | miRNA-16: 0.798 miRNA-21: 0.874 miRNA-199a-5p: 0.884 | Shin 2015 [40] |
23 TNBC 85 HC # | ↑: miRNA-21, 221,210 | miRNA-21: PDCD4, PTEN miRNA-221: p27Kip1, ERα miRNA-210: RAD52, HIF-1α | Oncogenic, DNA repair, cell migration, translation inhibitors, cell proliferation Correlation with tumor grade, Ki67 expression, clinical stage, lymph node status, BMI | Combination of 3 miRNA: 1.00 | Thakur 2016 [42] |
36 TNBC 34 HC * | ↑: miRNA-Let-7c-5p, Let-7i-5p, 7, 15, 195-5p, 489-3p ↓: miRNA-199a-3p | miRNA-7: lncRNA-XIST, RELA miRNA-15: CCNE1 miRNA-195: FASN, HMGCR, ACACA, CYP27B1 [44,45,46,47] | Cancer growth Metastasis formation Cell migration Apoptosis | Combination of 7 miRNA: 0.929 | Qattan 2017 [43] |
74 TNBC 12 HC * | ↑: miRNA-93-3p, 105 | miRNA-93-3p: SFRP1 miRNA-105: GOLIM4 [49] | Promotes stemness, chemoresistance, and metastasis in TNBC Correlation with distant metastases | miRNA-93-3p: 0.657 miRNA-105: 0.928 Panel of 2: 0.939 | Li 2017 [48] |
31 TNBC 34 HC | ↑: miRNA-126-5p, 126-3p, 144-5p, 144-3p, 301a-3p, 101-3p ↓: miRNA-664b-5p | miRNA-101: CXCR7 miRNA-126: ADAM9, RGS3 miRNA-144: PTEN miRNA-301a: ESR1 miRNA-664b: BRIP1 [51,52,53,54,55,56] | Oncogenic or tumor-suppressive regulators Cell proliferation, migration, and tumor growth Estrogen signaling pathway | Combination of 7 miRNA: 0.814 | Kahraman 2018 [50] |
24 TNBC 28 HC * | ↑: miRNA-125b, 193b, 200b, 489 | miRNA-125b: ARID3B miRNA-193b: DDAH1 miRNA-200b: VEGF-A, RARA miRNA-489: SHP2, HER2 [58,59,60] | Tumor invasion and metastasis, cell migration, angiogenesis MAPK signaling | miRNA-125b: 0.973 miRNA-193b: 0.914 miRNA-200b: 0.877 miRNA-489: 0.994 | Braicu 2018 [57] |
37 TNBC 34 HC * | ↑: miRNA-10b, 17a, 155, 376c | miRNA-10b: HOXD4, KLF4 miRNA-17a: TIMP2, TIMP3 miRNA-155: SOCS1, Smad2, FGF, E2F miRNA-376c: RAB2A [62,63,64] | DNA repair, cell cycle procession Metastasis formation, tumor aggressiveness Correlation with tumor stage, size, lymph node status and metastasis | miRNA-10b: 0.773 miRNA-17a: 0.657 miRNA-155: 0.847 miRNA-376c: 0.866 | Shaheen 2019 [61] |
13 TNBC 83 HC * | ↑miRNA-30b-5p | miRNA-30b-5p: CDH11, ITGA5, ITGB3 | Enrichment in Wnt and p53 signaling Apoptosis Correlation with lymph node status and distant metastases | 0.720 | Adam-Artigues 2021 [65] |
lncRNA | |||||
25 TNBC 40 HC # | ↑: ANRIL, HIF1A-AS2, UCA1 | UCA1-miRNA-143 | Invasiveness of tumor cells Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling Tumor progression and metastasis Correlation with lymph node status and tumor size | lncRNA-ANRIL: 0.830 lncRNA-HIF1A-AS2: 0.827 lncRNA-UCA1: 0.849 | Liu 2017 [66] |
100 TNBC 50 HC * | ↑: ANRIL, SOX2OT, ANRASSF1 | ANRIL-miRNA-199a ANRASSF1-RASSF1A [68,69] | Tumor growth and proliferation Promotion of carcinogenesis | lncRNA-ANRIL: 0.962 lncRNA-SOX2OT: 0.852 lncRNA-ANRASSF1: 0.740 Combination of 3: 0.990 | Du 2018 [67] |
91 TNBC 50 HC # | ↑XIST | XIST-miRNA-7 XIST-miRNA-454 [71] | Tumor aggressiveness and proliferation, metastasis formation Correlation with tumor stage | 0.888 | Lan 2021 [70] |
50 TNBC 40 BC # | ↑TINCR | TINCR-miRNA-761, 125b, 503 | Tumor progression, cell growth and proliferation, apoptosis regulation | TINCR allow to distinguish TNBC from BC with AUC of 0.868 | Zhang 2021 [72] |
circRNA | |||||
83 BC (TNBC) 49 HC * | ↓circ0104824 | Interaction with miRNA-140, 197, 599, 677 and 1278 | Cell cycle and cell proliferation Tumor stage, grading and metastasis Correlation with tumor size, estrogen, and progesterone receptor status | AUC for total BC: 0.849 Significant difference in expression between TNBC and non-TNBC and controls | Li 2020 [75] |
20 TNBC 20 HC # | ↑circPSMA1 | PSMA1-miRNA-637 | Facilitates the tumorigenesis, metastasis, cell migration through miR-637/Akt1/β-catenin axis and immunosuppression | AUC not assessed Significant difference in expression between TNBC and controls | Yang 2021 [76] |
24 TNBC 68 HC * | ↑circHIF1A | circHIF1A-miRNA-149-5p Interaction with NFIB | Promotion of cell proliferation and metastasis | 0.897 | Chen 2021 [77] |
ncRNA | Role | Study Findings | Study |
---|---|---|---|
Unfavorable: ↑ miRNA-18b, ↑ miRNA-103, ↑ miRNA-107, ↑ miRNA-652 (all ↑ considered as a high risk score signature) | Prognosis/OS |
| Sahlberg 2015 [78] |
Tumor relapse/RFS |
| ||
Unfavorable: ↑ miRNA-21, ↑ miRNA-194, ↑ miRNA-205, ↑ miRNA-375 ↓ miRNA-376c, ↓ miRNA-382, ↓ miRNA-411 | Tumor relapse |
| Huo 2016 [79] |
Unfavorable: ↓ miRNA-34a, 34c | Prognosis/OS |
| Zeng 2017 [80] |
Unfavorable: ↓ miRNA-29c | Prognosis/OS |
| Braicu 2018 [57] |
Unfavorable: ↑ miRNA-200a ↑ miRNA-210 | Chemoresistance |
| Shao 2019 [81] |
Unfavorable: ↓miRNA-4448, miRNA-2392, miRNA-2467, miRNA-4800 | Response to chemotherapy |
| Sueta 2021 [82] |
Unfavorable: ↑ lncRNA-TINCR | Tumor relapse/RFS |
| Wang 2020 [83] |
Prognosis/OS |
| ||
Unfavorable: ↑ miRNA-21 ↓ lncRNA-BRE-AS1 | Prognosis/OS |
| Gao 2021 [84] |
Unfavorable: ↑ lncRNA-XIST | Tumor relapse |
| Lan 2021 [70] |
Prognosis/OS |
| ||
Unfavorable: ↑ lncRNA-SUMO1P3 | Prognosis/OS |
| Na-Er 2021 [85] |
Response to chemotherapy |
|
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Powrózek, T.; Ochieng Otieno, M. Blood Circulating Non-Coding RNAs for the Clinical Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers 2022, 14, 803. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030803
Powrózek T, Ochieng Otieno M. Blood Circulating Non-Coding RNAs for the Clinical Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers. 2022; 14(3):803. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030803
Chicago/Turabian StylePowrózek, Tomasz, and Michael Ochieng Otieno. 2022. "Blood Circulating Non-Coding RNAs for the Clinical Management of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer" Cancers 14, no. 3: 803. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030803