Refining AML Treatment: The Role of Genetics in Response and Resistance Evaluation to New Agents
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Targetable Gene Mutations
2.1. FLT3 Inhibitors
2.1.1. Midostaurin
2.1.2. Gilteritinib
2.1.3. Sorafenib
2.1.4. Mechanisms of Resistance to FLT3 Inhibitors
2.1.5. Clonal Evolution
2.1.6. On-Target Mutations
2.1.7. Off-Target Mutations
2.2. IDH Inhibitors
2.2.1. IDH1
2.2.2. IDH2
3. Hypomethylating Agents (HMAs)
Genetic Predictors of Response or Resistance to HMA as Monotherapy
4. Other Molecular Targets
4.1. BCL-2/Venetoclax
Genetic Predictors of Response or Resistance to Venetoclax
4.2. Glasdegib/Inhibition of the Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
5. Antigen-Targeting
CD33/Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin
6. Novel Chemotherapeutic Agents
CPX-351
7. Discussion
8. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Halik, A.; Arends, C.M.; Bullinger, L.; Damm, F.; Frick, M. Refining AML Treatment: The Role of Genetics in Response and Resistance Evaluation to New Agents. Cancers 2022, 14, 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071689
Halik A, Arends CM, Bullinger L, Damm F, Frick M. Refining AML Treatment: The Role of Genetics in Response and Resistance Evaluation to New Agents. Cancers. 2022; 14(7):1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071689
Chicago/Turabian StyleHalik, Adriane, Christopher Maximilian Arends, Lars Bullinger, Frederik Damm, and Mareike Frick. 2022. "Refining AML Treatment: The Role of Genetics in Response and Resistance Evaluation to New Agents" Cancers 14, no. 7: 1689. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14071689