Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-High Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Changing Paradigm
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-H Rectal Cancer
Trial Name | Drug | Cancer | Design | MSI-H (N) | RR (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Andre et al. [26] | Nivolumab and ipilimumab | Localized esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma | Phase II, prospective, single-arm, open-label | 32 | A total of 91% (29/32) of patients underwent surgery. A total of 59% (17/29) of patients who underwent surgery had pCR. |
Chalabi et al. (NICHE-1) [27] | Nivolumab and ipilimumab | Colon cancer | Phase II, prospective single-arm, open-label | 20 | A total of 100% (20/20) had PR, of which 95% (19/20) had MPR, and 60% (12/20) had pCR. |
Chalabi et al. (NIHCE-2) [46] | Nivolumab and ipilimumab | Colon cancer | Phase II, prospective single-arm, open-label | 112 | A total of 93% (102/107) had MPR and 67% (72/107) achieved pCR. |
Cercek et al. [28] | Dostarlimab | Rectal cancer | Phase II, prospective, single-arm | 12 | A total of 100% achieved cCR. |
Ludford et al. [41] | Pembrolizumab | Colorectal cancer | Phase II open-label, single-center trial | 35 (27—CRC patients, 8—non-CRC patients) | Pathological response: A total of 49% (17/35) underwent surgery, of which 14 had CRC; of these, 79% (11/14) had pCR. Radiographic response—RR-82% (27/33), CR—30% (10/33), PRs-52% (17/33). |
Wang et al. [42] | Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy | Rectal cancer | NR | 10 | One-year local recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, and disease-free survival for the whole cohort were 100%, 100%, and 100%. |
Zhang et al. [43] | Anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (4 patients—pembrolizumab, 9 patients—sintilimab, 19 patients—tiselizumab) | Colorectal cancer | Retrospective, single-center, case series study | 32 (8 patients—LARC, 24 patients—LACC) | Three LARC patients achieved cCR and W&W strategy was adopted. RR among 29 patients with radical surgery was 100% (29/29), the PR was 100% (29/29), the MPR was 86.2% (25/29), and pCR was 75.9% (22/29). |
Barraud et al. [47] | A total of 34 (76%) received monotherapy with anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 monoclonal antibodies, and 11 (24%) a combination of anti-PD1 plus anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies | Colorectal cancer with isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis | Multicentric cohort study | 45 | RR—46% with cCR in 24% (11/45) of patients and partial responses in 22% (10/45) of patients. OS and PFS were not reached. A total of 18% (8/45) of patients underwent surgery, of which 88% (7/8) of patients had pCR. |
3. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-H Colon Cancer
4. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-H CRC and Distant Metastasis
5. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-H Gastric and Esophagogastric Junction Cancers
6. Discussion
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ozer, M.; Vegivinti, C.T.R.; Syed, M.; Ferrell, M.E.; Gonzalez Gomez, C.; Cheng, S.; Holder-Murray, J.; Bruno, T.; Saeed, A.; Sahin, I.H. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-High Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Changing Paradigm. Cancers 2023, 15, 3833. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153833
Ozer M, Vegivinti CTR, Syed M, Ferrell ME, Gonzalez Gomez C, Cheng S, Holder-Murray J, Bruno T, Saeed A, Sahin IH. Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-High Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Changing Paradigm. Cancers. 2023; 15(15):3833. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153833
Chicago/Turabian StyleOzer, Muhammet, Charan Thej Reddy Vegivinti, Masood Syed, Morgan E. Ferrell, Cyndi Gonzalez Gomez, Svea Cheng, Jennifer Holder-Murray, Tullia Bruno, Anwaar Saeed, and Ibrahim Halil Sahin. 2023. "Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy for Patients with dMMR/MSI-High Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Changing Paradigm" Cancers 15, no. 15: 3833. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15153833