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Port Site Metastasis in Women with Low- or Intermediate-Risk Endometrial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Literature
by
, , , ,
Antonio Raffone
1,2,
Diego Raimondo
3,*,†,
Alessio Colalillo
4,†,
Arianna Raspollini
2,*,
Daniele Neola
5,
Antonio Travaglino
6,
Virginia Vargiu
7,8,
Luigi Carlo Turco
9,
Maria Giovanna Vastarella
1,
Renato Seracchioli
2,3,
Francesco Fanfani
4,
Luigi Cobellis
1 and
Francesco Cosentino
7,8 1
Department of Woman, Child, and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
2
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
3
Division of Gynecology and Human Reproduction Physiopathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
4
Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
5
Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy
6
Unit of Pathology, Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
7
Gynecologic Oncology and Surgery Unit, Responsible Research Hospital, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
8
Department of Medicine and Health Science “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
9
Ovarian Cancer Center, Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS, 10060 Turin, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Cancers 2024, 16(15), 2682; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16152682 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 3 July 2024
/
Revised: 24 July 2024
/
Accepted: 25 July 2024
/
Published: 27 July 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Towards a Personalized Medicine for the Diagnosis and Management of Gynecological Cancers)
Simple Summary
We systematically reviewed the literature on port site metastases in low- and intermediate-risk endometrial carcinoma. We searched six electronic databases and compared data on PSM from the included studies, finding seven studies and 13 cases of PSM in patients with low- or intermediate-risk endometrial carcinoma. Local resection and radiotherapy appear to be the most appropriate treatment approaches. Unfortunately, no consensus has been reached about treatment, and the prognosis appears poor.
Abstract
Abstract: Background: Port site metastasis (PSM) has been reported as a rare metastasis in women with endometrial carcinoma (EC). However, even more rarely, it has also been described in patients with low- or intermediate-risk EC. Unfortunately, knowledge appears limited on the topic. Objectives: Our objective was to systematically review the literature on PSM in low- or intermediate-risk EC. Search Strategy: A systematic review of the literature was performed by searching six electronic databases from their inception to January 2023. Selection Criteria: We included in our research all peer-reviewed studies which reported PSM in low- or intermediate-risk EC women. Data Collection and Analysis: Data on PSM were collected from the included studies and compared. Results: Seven studies with 13 patients (including our case) were included in the systematic review. PSM was reported in patients with low- or intermediate-risk EC independently from tumor histologic characteristics, endoscopic approach, lymph node staging type, number and site of the port, route of specimen removal, prevention strategies for PSM, and concomitant metastases. Among several proposed treatments, local resection and radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy might be the most appropriate ones. Nevertheless, the prognosis appears poor. Conclusions: In patients with low- or intermediate-risk EC, PSM can occur as a rare metastasis, regardless of tumor characteristics or surgical strategy. Unfortunately, no consensus has been reached regarding treatment, and the prognosis appears poor. Additional cases are needed in order to confirm and further explore this rare EC metastasis.
Keywords:
endometrial cancer; laparoscopy; robotics
