The Significance of Longitudinal Psoas Muscle Loss in Predicting the Maintenance Efficacy of Durvalumab Treatment Following Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study
Abstract
:Simple Summary
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. The Study Population
2.2. Data Collection
2.3. Evaluation of Muscle Quantity and Sarcopenia
2.4. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics and Treatment
3.2. Impact of Sarcopenia on Durvalumab’s Efficacy at Different Time Points in Patients with NSCLC
3.3. Impact of Longitudinal Muscle Loss on Clinical Outcomes of Durvalumab Treatment
3.4. Combined Analysis of Longitudinal Muscle Loss and Single Time Point Sarcopenia in Predicting Durvalumab’s Efficacy
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic n (%) | Total N = 98(%) | Muscle Maintenance Group N = 62(%) | Muscle Loss Group N = 36(%) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) Median [range] <75 ≥75 | 71.5 [49–87] 60 (61.2) 38 (38.8) | 70.5 [49–87] 40 (64.5) 22 (35.5) | 72.0 [49–84] 20 (55.6) 16 (44.4) | 0.55 0.40 |
Gender Male Female | 73 (74.5) 25 (25.5) | 46 (74.2) 16 (25.8) | 27 (75.0) 9 (25.0) | 1.00 |
ECOG-PS 0 1 | 41 (41.8) 57 (58.2) | 25 (40.3) 37 (59.7) | 16 (44.4) 20 (55.6) | 0.83 |
Stage IIB IIIA IIIB IIIC Postoperative recurrence | 4 (4.1) 35 (35.7) 39 (39.8) 14 (14.3) 6 (6.1) | 1 (1.6) 19 (30.6) 27 (43.5) 10 (16.1) 5 (8.1) | 3 (8.3) 16 (44.4) 12 (33.3) 4 (11.1) 1 (2.8) | 0.24 |
Histology Adeno Others | 45 (45.9) 53 (54.1) | 25 (40.3) 37 (59.7) | 20 (55.6) 16 (44.4) | 0.21 |
Driver oncogenes EGFR mutation ALK rearrangement Others Negative Unknown | 8 (8.2) 1 (1.0) 5 (5.1) 71 (72.4) 14 (13.3) | 4 (6.5) 1 (1.6) 4 (6.5) 45 (72.6) 9 (12.9) | 4 (11.1) 0 (0.0) 1 (2.8) 26 (72.2) 5 (13.9) | 0.86 |
PD-L1 <50% ≥50% Unknown | 47 (46.9) 39 (40.8) 12 (12.2) | 28 (45.2) 27 (43.5) 7 (11.3) | 19 (52.8) 12 (33.3) 5 (13.9) | 0.62 |
BMI-kg/m2 (pre-chemoradiotherapy) Median [range] <22 ≥22 | 21.9 [15.6–30.5] 52 (53.1) 46 (46.9) | 21.5 [16.5–28.3] 38 (61.3) 24 (38.7) | 23.0 [15.6–30.5] 14 (38.9) 22 (61.1) | 0.005 |
BMI -kg/m2 (post-chemoradiotherapy) Median [range] <22 ≥22 | 21.2 [15.2–28.7] 63 (64.3) 35 (35.7) | 21.0 [15.4–28.7] 44 (71.0) 18 (29.0) | 21.8 [15.2–27.6] 19 (52.8) 17 (47.2) | 0.08 |
PMI-cm2/m2 (pre-chemoradiotherapy) Median [range] Male Female | 5.03 [2.24–10.25] 3.52 [2.23–6.50] | 4.68 [2.24–10.25] 3.28 [2.23–6.14] | 5.25 [3.55–8.22] 4.32 [2.77–6.50] | 0.01 0.07 |
PMI-cm2/m2 (post-chemoradiotherapy) Median [range] Male Female | 4.60 [2.31–9.58] 3.21 [2.09–6.28] | 4.66 [2.31–9.58] 3.16 [2.41–6.28] | 4.43 [2.97–6.47] 3.58 [2.09–4.38] | 0.61 0.89 |
Sarcopenia (pre-chemoradiotherapy) yes no | 82 (83.7) 16 (16.3) | 54 (87.1) 8 (12.9) | 28 (77.8) 8 (22.2) | 0.26 |
Sarcopenia (post-chemoradiotherapy) yes no | 87 (88.8) 11 (11.2) | 54 (87.1) 8 (12.9) | 33 (91.7) 3 (8.3) | 0.74 |
Cachexia yes no | 53 (54.1) 45 (45.9) | 32 (51.6) 30 (48.4) | 21 (58.3) 17 (41.7) | 0.54 |
Period between CCRT and ICIs (days) Median [range] | 15.0 [1.0–49.0] | 12.0 [1.0–45.0] | 21.5 [1.0–49.0] | 0.002 |
Chemotherapy CDDP+DTX CBDCA+PTX Daily CBDCA CDDP+VNR Weekly CBDCA+PTX Others | 24 (24.5) 45 (45.9) 7 (7.1) 7 (7.1) 13 (13.3) 2 (2.0) | 17 (27.4) 26 (41.9) 5 (8.1) 4 (6.5) 9 (14.5) 1 (2.8) | 7 (19.4) 19 (52.8) 2 (5.6) 3 (8.3) 4 (11.1) 1 (1.6) | 0.87 |
ICI completion rate | 49 (50.0) | 36 (58.1) | 13 (36.1) | 0.07 |
Adverse Events during Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy | ||||
Leukopenia Any grade Grade 3 or more | 49 (50) 40 (40.8) | 34 (54.8) 28 (45.2) | 15 (41.7) 12 (33.3) | 0.30 |
Neutropenia Any grade Grade 3 or more | 43 (43.9) 35 (35.7) | 29 (46.8) 24 (38.7) | 14 (38.9) 11 (30.6) | 0.53 |
Thrombocytopenia Any grade Grade 3 or more | 20 (20.4) 0 | 12 (21.0) 0 | 8 (22.2) 0 | 1.00 |
Febrile neutropenia Grade 3 or more | 6 (6.1) | 4 (6.5) | 2 (5.6) | 1.00 |
Anemia Any grade Grade 3 or more | 25 (25.5) 3 (3.1) | 16 (25.8) 0 | 9 (25.0) 3 (8.3) | 1.00 |
Radiation pneumonitis Any grade Grade 3 or more | 42 (42.9) 2 (2.0) | 27 (43.5) 1 (1.6) | 15 (41.7) 1 (2.8) | 1.00 |
Anorexia Any grade Grade 3 or more | 34 (34.7) 11 (11.2) | 22 (35.5) 8 (12.9) | 12 (33.3) 3 (8.3) | 1.00 |
Radiation esophagitis Any grade Grade 3 or more | 41 (41.8) 14 (14.3) | 26 (41.9) 8 (12.9) | 15 (41.7) 6 (16.7) | 1.00 |
Hypoalbuminemia Any grade Grade 3 or more | 18 (18.4) 0 | 12 (19.4) 0 | 6 (16.7) 0 | 0.79 |
Predictors of PFS | Crude HR | 95% CI | p-Value | Adjusted HR | 95 CI | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Muscle loss rate-% (<10 vs. ≥10) | 0.47 | 0.26–0.83 | p < 0.05 | 0.478 | 0.26–0.86 | p < 0.05 |
Age (years) (<75 vs. ≥75) | 0.54 | 0.31–0.97 | p < 0.05 | 0.59 | 0.33–1.07 | 0.08 |
ECOG-PS (0 vs. 1) | 1.11 | 0.62–1.97 | 0.73 | 1.28 | 0.60–1.97 | 0.78 |
Histology (Adeno vs. others) | 0.69 | 0.38–1.23 | 0.21 | NI | NI | NI |
Mutation (+ vs. −) | 0.83 | 0.35–1.95 | 0.67 | NI | NI | NI |
PD-L1 (≥50% vs <50%) | 1.06 | 0.70–1.63 | 0.78 | 1.18 | 0.64–2.18 | 0.59 |
Pre-chemotherapy BMI (kg/m2) (≥22 vs. <22) | 1.18 | 0.67–2.10 | 0.57 | NI | NI | NI |
Post-chemotherapy BMI (kg/m2) (≥22 vs. <22) | 0.77 | 0.41–1.43 | 0.40 | NI | NI | NI |
Cachexia (No vs. Yes) | 0.68 | 0.38–1.22 | 0.19 | NI | NI | NI |
Sarcopenia (pre-chemotherapy) (No vs. Yes) | 0.44 | 0.16–1.22 | 0.11 | NI | NI | NI |
Sarcopenia (post-chemotherapy) (No vs. Yes) | 0.32 | 0.08–1.33 | 0.12 | NI | NI | NI |
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Kuno, H.; Nishioka, N.; Yamada, T.; Kunimatsu, Y.; Yoshimura, A.; Hirai, S.; Futamura, S.; Masui, T.; Egami, M.; Chihara, Y.; et al. The Significance of Longitudinal Psoas Muscle Loss in Predicting the Maintenance Efficacy of Durvalumab Treatment Following Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Cancers 2024, 16, 3037. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173037
Kuno H, Nishioka N, Yamada T, Kunimatsu Y, Yoshimura A, Hirai S, Futamura S, Masui T, Egami M, Chihara Y, et al. The Significance of Longitudinal Psoas Muscle Loss in Predicting the Maintenance Efficacy of Durvalumab Treatment Following Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study. Cancers. 2024; 16(17):3037. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173037
Chicago/Turabian StyleKuno, Haruka, Naoya Nishioka, Tadaaki Yamada, Yusuke Kunimatsu, Akihiro Yoshimura, Soichi Hirai, Shun Futamura, Taiki Masui, Masashi Egami, Yusuke Chihara, and et al. 2024. "The Significance of Longitudinal Psoas Muscle Loss in Predicting the Maintenance Efficacy of Durvalumab Treatment Following Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Study" Cancers 16, no. 17: 3037. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173037