Distribution of 14 High-Risk HPV Types and p16/Ki67 Dual-Stain Status in Post-Colposcopy Histology Results: Negative, Low- and High-Grade Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions
by
, , , , and
Karolina Mazurec
1,*
,
Martyna Trzeszcz
1,2,*,
Maciej Mazurec
1,
Christopher Kobierzycki
3,
Robert Jach
4
and
Agnieszka Halon
5 1
Corfamed Woman’s Health Center, Kluczborska 37, 50-322 Wroclaw, Poland
2
Division of Pathology and Clinical Cytology, University Hospital in Wroclaw, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
3
Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland
4
Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kopernika 23, 31-501 Krakow, Poland
5
Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2024, 16(19), 3401; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16193401
Submission received: 30 August 2024
/
Revised: 29 September 2024
/
Accepted: 2 October 2024
/
Published: 5 October 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cervical Cancer: Study on Molecular Landscape and Protein Biomarkers. Current Diagnostic and Therapeutic Capabilities)
Simple Summary
We studied how different types of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) are distributed in early and advanced precancerous cervical lesions to better understand cervical cancer risks. A total of 559 cases were analyzed with results from a diagnostic test for HR-HPV and a special immunostaining method (DS) that helps identify cervical precancer potential that could enhance the effectiveness of the secondary cervical cancer prevention The investigation included a corresponding histology result from a colposcopic biopsy. The study found significant differences in the presence of HPV 16 and positive staining results between advanced lesions and those that were either negative or less severe. However, no significant difference was found between negative and less severe lesions. This study highlights the importance of understanding HPV type distribution and the use of dual staining in detecting and assessing the risk of cervical precancers.
Abstract
Background: Determining the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) types in histologic low-(LSIL) and high-grade (HSIL/CIN2+) squamous intraepithelial lesions through a diagnostic process in a cervical cancer prevention provides one of the key etiological factors behind further progression and persistence. Incorporating novel high-grade cervical lesion biomarkers such as p16/Ki67 dual staining (DS) alongside HPV typing has become important in detecting cervical precancers. Methods: Among 28,525 screening tests and 602 histology results, 559 cases with HR-HPV and histology results obtained from colposcopic biopsy were retrospectively analyzed, together with DS status. The χ2 test with Bonferroni correction evaluated the differences in HR-HPV type prevalence and DS positivity across three histologic study groups. Results: A statistically significant difference in the prevalence of HPV 16 was observed between negative and HSIL/CIN2+ (p = 0.00027) groups, as well as between the LSIL/CIN1 and HSIL/CIN2+ groups (p = 0.00041). However, no significant difference was found between the negative and LSIL/CIN1 groups. Similarly, the DS positivity difference was significant between the negative and HSIL/CIN2+ (p < 0.0001) and between the LSIL/CIN1 and HSIL/CIN2+ groups (p < 0.0001), but there was no significant difference between the negative and LSIL/CIN1 groups. Conclusions: The study highlights the heterogeneous nature of HPV-related cervical pathologies, and the distinct risks associated with different cervical lesion grades, emphasizing the importance of HR-HPV type distribution and DS status.
