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Review

The Whole-Body MRI Reporting and Data System Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Multiple Myeloma (MY-RADS), and Cancer Screening (ONCO-RADS)

by
Marco Parillo
1,* and
Carlo Augusto Mallio
2,3,*
1
Radiology, Multizonal Unit of Rovereto and Arco, APSS Provincia Autonoma Di Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
2
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, 00128 Roma, Italy
3
Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Roma, Italy
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Cancers 2025, 17(2), 275; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17020275
Submission received: 7 December 2024 / Revised: 10 January 2025 / Accepted: 13 January 2025 / Published: 16 January 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Oncological Imaging)

Simple Summary

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) is increasingly being used to evaluate a wider range of patients with different types of cancer and for cancer screening. To standardize acquisition, interpretation, and reporting, three WB-MRI reporting and data systems (RADSs) have been recently introduced: METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Myeloma Response Assessment and Diagnosis System (MY-RADS), and Oncologically Relevant Findings Reporting and Data System (ONCO-RADS). The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the scientific evidence that has emerged so far regarding the clinical utility of WB-MRI RADSs. Although preliminary studies have demonstrated promising and consistent results regarding the prognostic value and reliability of WB-MRI RADSs, additional research is necessary, particularly for ONCO-RADS and inter-reader agreement for MY-RADS. Larger, prospective, multi-center studies are required to confirm and extend these encouraging initial findings.

Abstract

Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) is being employed with increasing frequency to evaluate a broader spectrum of patients with diverse types of cancer and for cancer screening purposes. While clinical guidelines support its use, a standardized radiological approach is still lacking. To improve consistency in the acquisition, interpretation, and reporting of WB-MRI examinations, three reporting and data systems (RADSs) have been recently suggested: METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Myeloma Response Assessment and Diagnosis System (MY-RADS), and Oncologically Relevant Findings Reporting and Data System (ONCO-RADS). MET-RADS-P was developed to stage and monitor men with advanced prostate cancer using WB-MRI. It has emerged as a reliable imaging biomarker for predicting metastatic disease progression and assessing treatment response. MY-RADS was developed to stage and monitor patients with multiple myeloma using WB-MRI, emerging as a prognostic imaging biomarker. However, the evidence regarding inter-reader agreement for MY-RADS is currently limited. ONCO-RADS was developed to standardize the use of WB-MRI for cancer screening in individuals with cancer predisposition syndromes and in the general population. While initial findings are promising, the evidence supporting its use remains limited. To further validate and expand upon these promising preliminary findings, additional large-scale, prospective, multicenter studies are necessary.
Keywords: whole-body magnetic resonance imaging; MRI scans; radiology; RADS; MET-RADS-P; MY-RADS; ONCO-RADS; practice guidelines; clinical oncology; narrative review whole-body magnetic resonance imaging; MRI scans; radiology; RADS; MET-RADS-P; MY-RADS; ONCO-RADS; practice guidelines; clinical oncology; narrative review

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Parillo, M.; Mallio, C.A. The Whole-Body MRI Reporting and Data System Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Multiple Myeloma (MY-RADS), and Cancer Screening (ONCO-RADS). Cancers 2025, 17, 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17020275

AMA Style

Parillo M, Mallio CA. The Whole-Body MRI Reporting and Data System Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Multiple Myeloma (MY-RADS), and Cancer Screening (ONCO-RADS). Cancers. 2025; 17(2):275. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17020275

Chicago/Turabian Style

Parillo, Marco, and Carlo Augusto Mallio. 2025. "The Whole-Body MRI Reporting and Data System Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Multiple Myeloma (MY-RADS), and Cancer Screening (ONCO-RADS)" Cancers 17, no. 2: 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17020275

APA Style

Parillo, M., & Mallio, C. A. (2025). The Whole-Body MRI Reporting and Data System Guidelines for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P), Multiple Myeloma (MY-RADS), and Cancer Screening (ONCO-RADS). Cancers, 17(2), 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17020275

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