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Article

Origin of Color and Spectral Characteristics of Nanhong Agate from Northeast Yunnan, China

by
Qiuyun Song
1,2,3,
Liurunxuan Chen
1,
Ruohan Zuo
1,
Xianchao Chen
1,
Sugang Sui
2,3,
Wenzhou Pu
4,
Xiaoqi Yang
5,6,
Shitao Zhang
1,* and
Wenlian Liu
2,3,*
1
Faculty of Land Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
2
Kunming Prospecting Design Institute of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Co., Ltd., Kunming 650051, China
3
Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering and Geological Hazards, Kunming 650051, China
4
China ENFI Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China
5
Analytic & Testing Research Center of Yunnan, Kunming 650093, China
6
Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Crystals 2024, 14(4), 388; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040388
Submission received: 13 March 2024 / Revised: 17 April 2024 / Accepted: 19 April 2024 / Published: 22 April 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Mineralogical Crystallography and Biomineralization)
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Abstract

Nanhong agate has attracted public attention as the most distinctive gemstone in China. Owing to the limited data on Nanhong agates from a new production area in northeastern Yunnan, this paper presents the first data from gemological studies on these agates. Complex investigations using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry, ultraviolet–visible (UV–VIS) luminescence spectrometry, Raman spectroscopy, polarizing microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron microprobe (EPMA), and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) analyses were carried out to obtain basic data concerning the gemological properties, microstructure, and spectroscopic and geochemical characteristics of this interesting material. The results illustrate that Nanhong agates from northeastern Yunnan are mainly composed of α-quartz and also contain certain amounts of moganite, illite, goethite, and hematite. The typical red (yellow) and white appearance can be attributed to the microstructure of the agates, the contents of Fe and Al impurities, and trace elements. The Raman spectra, microstructure, and chemical composition of the unique “yellow-skinned” agates from northeastern Yunnan are significantly different from those of other types of Nanhong agate. This work lays a foundation for the future identification and research of this type of Nanhong agate.
Keywords: Nanhong agate; gemology; spectroscopy; microstructure; geochemical characteristics; “yellow-skinned” agate; northeastern Yunnan Nanhong agate; gemology; spectroscopy; microstructure; geochemical characteristics; “yellow-skinned” agate; northeastern Yunnan

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MDPI and ACS Style

Song, Q.; Chen, L.; Zuo, R.; Chen, X.; Sui, S.; Pu, W.; Yang, X.; Zhang, S.; Liu, W. Origin of Color and Spectral Characteristics of Nanhong Agate from Northeast Yunnan, China. Crystals 2024, 14, 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040388

AMA Style

Song Q, Chen L, Zuo R, Chen X, Sui S, Pu W, Yang X, Zhang S, Liu W. Origin of Color and Spectral Characteristics of Nanhong Agate from Northeast Yunnan, China. Crystals. 2024; 14(4):388. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040388

Chicago/Turabian Style

Song, Qiuyun, Liurunxuan Chen, Ruohan Zuo, Xianchao Chen, Sugang Sui, Wenzhou Pu, Xiaoqi Yang, Shitao Zhang, and Wenlian Liu. 2024. "Origin of Color and Spectral Characteristics of Nanhong Agate from Northeast Yunnan, China" Crystals 14, no. 4: 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040388

APA Style

Song, Q., Chen, L., Zuo, R., Chen, X., Sui, S., Pu, W., Yang, X., Zhang, S., & Liu, W. (2024). Origin of Color and Spectral Characteristics of Nanhong Agate from Northeast Yunnan, China. Crystals, 14(4), 388. https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst14040388

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