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Polymers
Volume 12
Issue 2
10.3390/polym12020500
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Article

Removal of Rhodamine B from Water Using a Solvent Impregnated Polymeric Dowex 5WX8 Resin: Statistical Optimization and Batch Adsorption Studies

by
Moonis Ali Khan
1,*,
Momina
2,
Masoom Raza Siddiqui
1,
Marta Otero
3,
Shareefa Ahmed Alshareef
1 and
Mohd Rafatullah
4,*
1
Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
2
School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Engineering Campus, Nibong Tebal 14300, Penang, Malaysia
3
CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
4
School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Main campus 11800, Penang, Malaysia
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Polymers 2020, 12(2), 500; https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020500
Submission received: 29 January 2020 / Revised: 18 February 2020 / Accepted: 19 February 2020 / Published: 24 February 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Current Trends and Perspectives in the Application of Polymeric Materials for Wastewater Treatment)
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Abstract

Herein, commercially available Dowex 5WX8, a cation exchange polymeric resin, was modified through solvent impregnation with t-butyl phosphate (TBP) to produce a solvent impregnated resin (SIR), which was tested for the removal of rhodamine B (RhB) from water in batch adsorption experiments. The effect of SIR dosage, contact time, and pH on RhB adsorption was studied and optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), interaction, Pareto, and surface plots. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were respectively used for characterizing SIR surface morphology and identifying active binding sites before and after RhB adsorption. SEM showed that the pristine SIR surface was covered with irregular size and shape spots with some pores, while RhB saturated SIR surface was non-porous. FTIR revealed the involvement of electrostatic and π–π interactions during RhB adsorption on SIR. Dosage of SIR, contact time, and their interaction significantly affected RhB adsorption on SIR, while pH and its interaction with dosage and contact time did not. The optimum identified experimental conditions were 0.16 g of SIR dose and 27.66 min of contact time, which allowed for 98.45% color removal. Moreover, RhB adsorption equilibrium results fitted the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum monolayer capacity (qmax) of 43.47 mg/g.
Keywords: modified polymeric resin; t-butyl phosphate impregnation; polymer based adsorbents; dye adsorption; response surface methodology modified polymeric resin; t-butyl phosphate impregnation; polymer based adsorbents; dye adsorption; response surface methodology
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MDPI and ACS Style

Ali Khan, M.; Momina, <.; Siddiqui, M.R.; Otero, M.; Alshareef, S.A.; Rafatullah, M. Removal of Rhodamine B from Water Using a Solvent Impregnated Polymeric Dowex 5WX8 Resin: Statistical Optimization and Batch Adsorption Studies. Polymers 2020, 12, 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020500

AMA Style

Ali Khan M, Momina <, Siddiqui MR, Otero M, Alshareef SA, Rafatullah M. Removal of Rhodamine B from Water Using a Solvent Impregnated Polymeric Dowex 5WX8 Resin: Statistical Optimization and Batch Adsorption Studies. Polymers. 2020; 12(2):500. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020500

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Khan, Moonis, Momina, Masoom Raza Siddiqui, Marta Otero, Shareefa Ahmed Alshareef, and Mohd Rafatullah. 2020. "Removal of Rhodamine B from Water Using a Solvent Impregnated Polymeric Dowex 5WX8 Resin: Statistical Optimization and Batch Adsorption Studies" Polymers 12, no. 2: 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020500

APA Style

Ali Khan, M., Momina, <., Siddiqui, M. R., Otero, M., Alshareef, S. A., & Rafatullah, M. (2020). Removal of Rhodamine B from Water Using a Solvent Impregnated Polymeric Dowex 5WX8 Resin: Statistical Optimization and Batch Adsorption Studies. Polymers, 12(2), 500. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12020500

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