Polymers in the Medical Antiviral Front-Line
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Polymers for Antiviral Activity
- Chapter 1:
- Chapter 2:
2.1. Supporting Role
2.2. In the Front-Line
2.2.1. Polymerization of Commercial Antiviral Drugs [(pro)drugs]
2.2.2. Antiviral Nanoparticles
2.2.3. Metal-Polymers Hybrids
2.2.4. Amines Containing-Polymers and Polycations
2.2.5. Poly(Carboxylic acid)s, Polyanhydrides and Polyanions
2.2.6. Sulphate and Sulphuric acid-Containing Polymers
2.2.7. Hydroxyl-Containing Polymers, Polyphenols and Some Other Non-Ionic Polymers
3. Temperature Effect on Antiviral Activity
4. Summary and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
List of Abbreviations
PAS | Poly(anethole sulphonic acid) | Cu2S | Cuprous sulfide |
6′SLN-PAA | Poly(N-2-hydroxyethylacrylamide) | EIPA | 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride |
PVS | Poly(vinyl Sulphonic acid) | ATA | Aurintricarboxylic acid |
TESET | Poly[tert-butylstyrene-b-(ethylene-alt-propylene)-b-(styrene sulphonate)-b-(ethylene-alt-propylene)-b-tert-butylstyrene] | AcMNPV | Autographa californica Multicapsid Nucleopolyhedrovirus |
PEI | Polyethyleneimine | CuCl | Cuprous chloride |
PHB | Polyhydroxybutyrat | CuI | Cuprous iodide |
PHBV | Polyhydroxybutyrate valerate | Cu2O | Cuprous oxide |
PGN | Poly-l-glutamine | DDAB | didodecyldimethylammonium bromide |
PDTC | Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate | FCV | Feline Calicivirus |
SNP | Silica Nanoparticle | VHSV | Hemorrhagic Septicaemia viruses |
HIV | The human immunodeficiency virus | HSV | Herpes simplex virus |
TiO2 | Titanium Oxide | HA | Humic acid |
TMV | Tobacco mosaic virus | IPNV | Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis virus |
Zn(AC)2 | Zinc Acetate | MOFs | Metal-organic frameworks |
Zn(asp)2 | Zinc aspartate | EMCV | Murine Encephalomyocarditis virus |
CIZAR | Zinc citrate | 6′SLN | Neu5Acα2-6Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ |
Zn(Glu)2 | Zinc gluconate | PLO | Poly(l-ornithine) |
Zn(Lac)2 | Zinc lactate | PAMPS | poly(2-acry-lamido-2-methyl-l-propane sulphonic acid) |
Zn(pic)2 | Zinc picolinate | PSS | Poly(4-styrene sulphonic acid) |
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Structure | Dispersity | Degree of Sulphation [%] | N(sugars) | Name |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | n.d | 40 | PG1 | |
See PG1 | 1.08 | 97.6 | 46 | PG2 |
1.25 | n.d | 86 | PM | |
n.a | 85/43 | 30–34 | Heparin | |
n.a | 25-34 | n.a | Carageenan | |
n.a | 95–98.5 | 2 | O1 | |
n.a | 98.7 | 6 | O2 | |
n.a | 0 | 6 | O2–OH | |
n.a | 89.9 | 8 | O3 | |
n.a | 85.2 | 10 | O4 |
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Jarach, N.; Dodiuk, H.; Kenig, S. Polymers in the Medical Antiviral Front-Line. Polymers 2020, 12, 1727. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12081727
Jarach N, Dodiuk H, Kenig S. Polymers in the Medical Antiviral Front-Line. Polymers. 2020; 12(8):1727. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12081727
Chicago/Turabian StyleJarach, Natanel, Hanna Dodiuk, and Samuel Kenig. 2020. "Polymers in the Medical Antiviral Front-Line" Polymers 12, no. 8: 1727. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12081727