Removal of Ibuprofen from Water by Different Types Membranes
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.1.1. Commercial Membranes
2.1.2. Tailor-Made Membranes
2.1.3. Materials Used for Atomic Layer Deposition
2.1.4. Atomic Layer Deposition Silane-Modified PDMS Membrane
2.2. Methods
2.2.1. Sample Preparation
2.2.2. Sorption Measurements
2.2.3. Pertraction Measurement
2.2.4. Analytics
2.2.5. Characterisation Methods
3. Results
3.1. Sorption
3.1.1. Sorption of IBU from Water by Tailor-Made Membranes
3.1.2. Sorption of IBU by Commercial Membranes
3.2. Results of Pertraction Measurements
3.2.1. Characterisation of an ALD-Modified PDMS Membrane and Its Use in the Pertraction of IBU from Water
3.2.2. Point of Zero Charge
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
ALD | Atomic Layer Deposition |
DABA | 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid |
DAM | 1,3-diaminobenzene |
ED | Electrodialysis |
ETS-10 | Engelhard Corporation titanosilicate (Na2TiSi5O13) |
GO | graphene oxide |
IBU | ibuprofen |
logKow | n-octanol/water partition coefficient |
PDMS | polydimethylsiloxane |
PET | polyethylene terephthalate |
pKa | negative decimal logarithm of the dissociation constant of an acid at 25 °C |
PP | polypropylene |
PS | polystyrene |
SWCNT | single-walled carbon nanotubes |
TS-1 | titanium silicate |
WCA | water contact angle |
wt. % | weight percent |
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| Molar mass (g/mol) | 206.3 |
logKow 1 | 3.97 | |
Melting point (°C) | 76 | |
Pressure sat (25 °C) Pa | 0.0063 | |
pKa | 4.9 | |
Water solubility (mg/L; 25 °C) | 21 |
Membrane | Diameter (mm) | Thickness (µm) | Weight (mg) | Surface (cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
PDMS | 30 | 200 | 95.9 | 7.07 |
PP | 38 | 4 | 4.2 | 11.34 |
PS | 38 | 29 | 34.7 | 11.34 |
Membrane | Material | Filler |
---|---|---|
Ultem | Polyetherimide | None |
Graphene oxide 0.5 wt. % | ||
Graphene oxide 2.5 wt. % | ||
Graphene oxide 5 wt. % | ||
Matrimid | Polyimide | None |
TS-1 zeolite 10 wt. % | ||
TS-1 zeolite 20 wt. % | ||
TS-1 zeolite 30 wt. % | ||
ETS-10 zeolite 30 wt. % | ||
6FDA-DAM:DABA 3:1 | sub-Tg thermally annealed 6FDA-2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-diaminobenzene (DAM): 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid (DABA)(3:1) | None Graphene oxide 2.8 wt. % |
Graphene oxide 5 wt. % |
Membrane | Atomic concentration (%) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carbon | Oxygen | Nitrogen | Silicon | Sodium | Chlorine | |
PDMS | 70.32 | 8.25 | 13.76 | 6.82 | 0.85 | - |
Blank * | 69.64 | 7.44 | 14.81 | 6.64 | 0.84 | 0.64 |
ALD modified | 60.44 | 16.23 | 4.62 | 16.36 | 1.20 | 1.15 |
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Bourassi, M.; Kárászová, M.; Pasichnyk, M.; Zazpe, R.; Herciková, J.; Fíla, V.; Macak, J.M.; Gaálová, J. Removal of Ibuprofen from Water by Different Types Membranes. Polymers 2021, 13, 4082. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234082
Bourassi M, Kárászová M, Pasichnyk M, Zazpe R, Herciková J, Fíla V, Macak JM, Gaálová J. Removal of Ibuprofen from Water by Different Types Membranes. Polymers. 2021; 13(23):4082. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234082
Chicago/Turabian StyleBourassi, Mahdi, Magda Kárászová, Mariia Pasichnyk, Raul Zazpe, Jana Herciková, Vlastimil Fíla, Jan M. Macak, and Jana Gaálová. 2021. "Removal of Ibuprofen from Water by Different Types Membranes" Polymers 13, no. 23: 4082. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234082