Mathematical Modelling of Temperature Distribution in Selected Parts of FFF Printer during 3D Printing Process
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Models and Inputs
2.1. Static Model and Inputs
2.2. Dynamic Model and Inputs
3. Results
3.1. Results from the Static Model
3.2. Results from the Dynamic Model
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Edge Denotation | Boundary Condition |
---|---|
Problem boundary | 25 °C |
Inner part of the nozzle | 220 °C |
External part of the extruder | 220 °C |
Printer bed | 60 °C |
Outer part of the extruder (heat sink) | Power dissipated into surroundings (Σ40 W) |
Model Area | Material | Color | Thermal Conductivity W·m−1·K−1 | Specific Heat Capacity J·kg−1·K−1 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Printer bed | Steel | Purple | 76 | 440 |
Printer nozzle | Brass | Yellow | 120 | 400 |
Heat sink body | Aluminum | Darker turquoise | 238 | 900 |
Extruder body | ||||
Printing material | PLA | Dark green | 0.13 | 2100 |
Surroundings | Air | Grey | 0.02 | 1.01 |
Teflon tube | Teflon | Lighter turquoise | 0.24 | 1050 |
Name | Max. Triangle Element Size (mm) | Min. Triangle Element Size (mm) | Comp. Time (s) | Number of Mesh Elements | Number of Degrees of Freedom |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ex. Fine | 0.05 | 0.025 | 288 | 101,740 | 214,341 |
Fine | 0.1 | 0.05 | 246 | 73,386 | 157,449 |
Coarse | 1 | 0.5 | 31 | 5536 | 21,297 |
Speed (mm/s) | Stop Time (s) | Time Step (s) | Num. of Values (Time) |
---|---|---|---|
5 | 3 | 0.025 | 120 |
10 | 2.5 | 0.020 | 120 |
15 | 1.6 | 0.008 | 200 |
Movement Speed | Maximum “Second Tooth” Temperature (°C) | Minimum Temperature (°C) | Calculated Slope (°C/s) |
---|---|---|---|
5 mm/s | 109.7 | 60.5 | −201.7 |
10 mm/s | 112.7 | 60.5 | −404.1 |
15 mm/s | 111.1 | 60.5 | −620.2 |
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Tichý, T.; Šefl, O.; Veselý, P.; Dušek, K.; Bušek, D. Mathematical Modelling of Temperature Distribution in Selected Parts of FFF Printer during 3D Printing Process. Polymers 2021, 13, 4213. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234213
Tichý T, Šefl O, Veselý P, Dušek K, Bušek D. Mathematical Modelling of Temperature Distribution in Selected Parts of FFF Printer during 3D Printing Process. Polymers. 2021; 13(23):4213. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234213
Chicago/Turabian StyleTichý, Tomáš, Ondřej Šefl, Petr Veselý, Karel Dušek, and David Bušek. 2021. "Mathematical Modelling of Temperature Distribution in Selected Parts of FFF Printer during 3D Printing Process" Polymers 13, no. 23: 4213. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13234213