Sustainable Cotton Gin Waste/Polycaprolactone Bio-Plastic with Adjustable Biodegradation Rate: Scale-Up Production through Compression Moulding
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Fabricating CGT/PCL Bio-Plastic Composite Pellets
2.3. Fabricating CGT/(PEG/PCL) Bio-Plastic Composite Pellets
2.4. Fabricating CGT Bio-Plastic Composite Films Using Compression Moulding
2.5. Characterisations
2.5.1. Morphology
2.5.2. Chemical Structure
2.5.3. Optical Transmittance
2.5.4. Thermal Property
2.5.5. Mechanical Properties
2.5.6. Biodegradation
3. Results
3.1. Fabrication of CGT Bio-Plastic Composite Pellets and Bio-Plastic Films
3.2. CGT Bio-Plastic Composite Film Morphology
3.3. Chemical Structure
3.4. Optical Transmittance
3.5. Thermal Property
3.6. Mechanical Property
3.7. Biodegradation of CGT/PCL Bio-Plastic Composite Films
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Temperature at 10% Weight Loss (°C) | Temperature at 50% Weight Loss (°C) | |
---|---|---|
PCL | 369 | 403 |
PEG | 273 | 363 |
CGT40PCL60 | 292 | 374 |
CGT50/(PEG10/PCL90)50 | 320 | 381 |
CGT50/(PEG20/PCL80)50 | 309 | 382 |
CGT | 152 | 359 |
Samples | Young’s Modulus (MPa) | Tensile Strength at Yield (MPa) | Elongation at Yield (%) | Tensile Strength at Break (MPa) | Elongation at Break (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Commercial LDPE | 289.9 ± 48.7 | 13.7 ± 0.7 | 10.3 ± 2.0 | 17.5 ± 0.3 | 746.8 ± 82.6 |
PCL | 275.4 ± 6.0 | 14.7 ± 1.5 | 12.9 ± 1.4 | 40.2 ± 6.0 | 900.8 ± 88.7 |
CGT40/PCL60 | 563.7 ± 56.1 | 10.9 ± 1.6 | 3.2 ± 0.2 | 9.8 ± 1.4 | 42.5 ± 27.7 |
CGT50/(PEG10/PCL90)50 | 464.3 ± 61.1 | 7.6 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 0.4 | 9.2 ± 0.5 | 198.0 ± 66.5 |
CGT50/(PEG20/PCL80)50 | 478.5 ± 65.2 | 6.8 ± 1.1 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 7.4 ± 0.1 | 140.6 ± 52.2 |
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Cai, Z.; Haque, A.N.M.A.; Dhandapani, R.; Naebe, M. Sustainable Cotton Gin Waste/Polycaprolactone Bio-Plastic with Adjustable Biodegradation Rate: Scale-Up Production through Compression Moulding. Polymers 2023, 15, 1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15091992
Cai Z, Haque ANMA, Dhandapani R, Naebe M. Sustainable Cotton Gin Waste/Polycaprolactone Bio-Plastic with Adjustable Biodegradation Rate: Scale-Up Production through Compression Moulding. Polymers. 2023; 15(9):1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15091992
Chicago/Turabian StyleCai, Zengxiao, Abu Naser Md Ahsanul Haque, Renuka Dhandapani, and Maryam Naebe. 2023. "Sustainable Cotton Gin Waste/Polycaprolactone Bio-Plastic with Adjustable Biodegradation Rate: Scale-Up Production through Compression Moulding" Polymers 15, no. 9: 1992. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15091992