Exploring Functional Polymers in the Synthesis of Luminescent ZnO Quantum Dots for the Detection of Cr6+, Fe2+, and Cu2+
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Materials
2.2. Synthesis of Copolymers via RAFT Photo-Polymerization
2.3. Synthesis of Fluorescent ZnO QDs
2.4. Characterization and Properties
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Synthesis of Functional Copolymers
3.2. Synthesis of Hybrid ZnO QDs Using Functional Copolymers as Templates
3.3. Stability of ZnO QDs Hybrids in Aqueous Medium
3.4. ZnO QDs Hybrids for Metal Detection
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Statistical Copolymer a | [M]0/ [CDTPA]0 | Time (h) | M2(theor.) b (% mol) | M2 (exp.) c (% mol) | MW d (g mol−1) | Mn d (g mol−1) | Ð d | Conv. e (%) | Mn (theor.) f (g mol−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EG90-AcS10 a | 50 | 2 | 10 | 9 | 31,609 | 26,764 | 1.18 | 83 | 19,339 |
EG95-AcS5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 25,720 | 22,189 | 1.16 | 81 | 19,716 |
EG95-AcS5-L | 17 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 9636 | 8084 | 1.19 | 77 | 6341 |
EG97.5-AcS2.5 | 50 | 2 | 2.5 | 3 | 26,166 | 22,046 | 1.19 | 79 | 19,442 |
TEG95-AcS5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 6 | 9823 | 8541 | 1.15 | 65 | 7512 |
DEG95-AcS5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 9244 | 7091 | 1.30 | 70 | 6541 |
DEG95-AcS5-L | 25 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 4866 | 3790 | 1.28 | 77 | 3623 |
EG10—DEG85-AcS5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 4.6 | 13,164 | 10,589 | 1.24 | 74 | 8118 |
EG80-GM20 | 50 | 2 | 20 | 23 | 21,843 | 18,132 | 1.20 | 69 | 14,781 |
EG90-GM10 | 50 | 2 | 10 | 12 | 24,439 | 20,109 | 1.22 | 73 | 16,944 |
EG95-GM5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 25,504 | 21,370 | 1.19 | 80 | 19,284 |
TEG95-GM5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 9936 | 8395 | 1.18 | 73 | 8314 |
DEG95-GM5 | 50 | 2 | 5 | 5 | 9993 | 8673 | 1.15 | 77 | 7158 |
Sample | GlyMA/(µmol) a | Main Monomer | GlyMA (mol %) b | APTES (mol %) c | Size (nm) DLS d | SD (nm) | λmax EtOH | ΦF (%) | λmax H2O |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZnO@EG80-GM20-2 | 2 | PEGMEMA | 20 | 0 | 5.7 | 0.31 | 556 | 16 | 568 |
ZnO@AP-EG80-GM20-2 | 2 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 0.41 | 554 | 40 | 567 | ||
ZnO@EG90-GM10-2 | 2 | 10 | 0 | 6.5 | 0.24 | 561 | 7 | 567 | |
ZnO@AP-EG90-GM10-2 | 2 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 0.26 | 563 | 53 | 567 | ||
ZnO@ AP10-EG90-GM10-2 | 2 | 10 | 5.7 | 0.29 | 562 | 26 | 569 | ||
ZnO@EG95-GM5-2 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 7.0 | 0.43 | 543 | 11 | 567 | |
ZnO@EG95-GM5-2 | 2 | 3.5 | 6.0 | 1.35 | 554 | 47 | 566 | ||
ZnO@EG95-GM5-4 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 5.5 | 0.93 | 551 | 5 | 568 | |
ZnO@AP-EG95-GM5-4 | 4 | 3.5 | 7.1 | 1.16 | 541 | 38 | 565 | ||
ZnO@TEG95-GM5-2 | 2 | MEO3MA | 5 | 0 | 6.3 | 0.56 | 567 | 23 | 570 |
ZnO@AP-TEG95-GM5-2 | 2 | 3.5 | 5.9 | 0.34 | 557 | 33 | 566 | ||
ZnO@DEG95-GM5-2 | 2 | MEO2MA | 5 | 0 | 6.0 | 0.43 | 567 | 22 | 570 |
ZnO@AP-DEG95-GM5-2 | 2 | 3.5 | 5.9 | 0.34 | 560 | 32 | 572 |
Sample | Thiol (µmol) a | Main Monomer | AcSEMA (mol %) b | Size (nm) DLS c | SD (nm) | λmax EtOH | ΦF (%) | λmax H2O |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ZnO@EG90-AcS10-2 | 2 | PEGMEMA | 10 | 6.2 | 0.41 | 556 | 17 | 568 |
ZnO@EG95-AcS5-1 | 1 | 5 | 6.9 | 0.37 | 552 | 10 | 566 | |
ZnO@EG95-AcS5-2 | 2 | 5 | 6.2 | 0.37 | 562 | 36 | 567 | |
ZnO@EG95-AcS5-4 | 4 | 5 | 7.4 | 0.68 | 548 | 42 | 568 | |
ZnO@EG95-AcS5-8 | 8 | 5 | 6.0 | 0.58 | 556 | 33 | 563 | |
ZnO@EG95-AcS5-L-2 | 2 | 5 | 5.5 | 0.35 | 560 | 33 | 569 | |
ZnO@EG97.5-AcS2.5-2 | 2 | 2.5 | 6.2 | 0.34 | 560 | 20 | 567 | |
ZnO@TEG95-AcS5-2 | 2 | MEO3MA | 5 | 7.8 | 0.24 | 544 | 37 | 564 |
ZnO@TEG95-AcS5-4 | 4 | 5 | 6.2 | 1.31 | 549 | 30 | 570 | |
ZnO@DEG95-AcS5-2 | 2 | MEO2MA | 5 | 7.8 | 1.5 | 549 | 52 | 572 |
ZnO@DEG95-AcS5-4 | 4 | 5 | 7.5 | 0.47 | 544 | 27 | 569 | |
ZnO@DEG95-AcS5-L-2 | 2 | 5 | 5.8 | 0.42 | 558 | 36 | 569 | |
EG10—DEG85-AcS5 | PEGMEMA/MEO2MA | 5 | 7.1 | 0.43 | 560 | 22 | 568 |
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San José, L.; Yuriychuk, N.; García, O.; López-González, M.; Quijada-Garrido, I. Exploring Functional Polymers in the Synthesis of Luminescent ZnO Quantum Dots for the Detection of Cr6+, Fe2+, and Cu2+. Polymers 2024, 16, 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16030429
San José L, Yuriychuk N, García O, López-González M, Quijada-Garrido I. Exploring Functional Polymers in the Synthesis of Luminescent ZnO Quantum Dots for the Detection of Cr6+, Fe2+, and Cu2+. Polymers. 2024; 16(3):429. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16030429
Chicago/Turabian StyleSan José, Leire, Nastasiya Yuriychuk, Olga García, Mar López-González, and Isabel Quijada-Garrido. 2024. "Exploring Functional Polymers in the Synthesis of Luminescent ZnO Quantum Dots for the Detection of Cr6+, Fe2+, and Cu2+" Polymers 16, no. 3: 429. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16030429